Going to the vet’s office isn’t much different than seeing your doctor. You want to make the most out of your time with minimal hassle. Your veterinarian also wants to use their time effectively to help you and your animal with the problem at hand.  After all, taking your cat to the clinic is never easy. Cats often find the whole process of visiting the vet very stressful, so being as efficient as you can and being prepared for your trip can make a big difference.

Cats don’t always make it easy for their owners. They are masters at hiding signs of being unwell which often means that cats are really quite sick by the time their owners realize there is a problem.  We’ve put together some tips for keeping your vet visit as smooth and efficient as possible so that you get the information you need and your cat gets the treatment they need.

The 11 Tips for Being Efficient at the Vet’s Office

1. Not Everything Warrants a Physical Trip to the Vet

Throughout your cat’s life, they should visit the vet for an annual exam to update vaccinations and do any necessary health tests. An in-person visit is essential for this. However, every cat owner understands the stress their feline companions experience when going to the clinic. So, it’s helpful to know that not all trips warrant a physical trip to the vet. Thankfully, teletriage sites like PangoVet exist, where you can schedule an online meeting with a veterinarian. This can be extremely helpful when you have minor questions about, for example, your cat’s behavior, but it can also be useful in deciding if your cat’s problem warrants an in-person vet visit or not.

It’s worth noting that online virtual exams aren’t a substitute for an in-person visit, but in some cases they are very useful. If your cat requires hospitalization or surgery, is experiencing a medical emergency or requires tests, you will need to take them to your vet (or an emergency clinic), but for basic questions about your animal, sites such as PangoVet can be extremely useful.  Remember that in most countries and states, your animal will have to be “under the care” of a veterinarian for them to be prescribed medications.  This means your pet has to have been seen by the vet, in person, within the last 6 months.  Nevertheless, virtual exams can offer a viable option for veterinary advice in some cases.

Speak To a Vet Online From the Comfort of Your Couch!

If you need to speak with a vet but can’t get to one, head over to PangoVet. It’s an online service where you can talk to a vet online and get the personalized advice you need for your pet — all at an affordable price!

Click to Speak With a Vet

2. Make a List of Your Cat’s Signs

Your vet uses your observations of your cat to help signpost what might be going on. Your veterinarian is at a disadvantage when you bring your pet to the clinic because your cat undoubtedly acts differently away from home. Their stress is in overdrive. Therefore, the information you can provide your vet is critical. Many signs are non-specific, such as loss of appetite or lethargy, but they help your vet begin to build up a clinical picture with valuable details.

Besides, you know what’s normal and abnormal for your kitty. Write your concerns down to give your vet as much info as possible. It will save time at the vet and will ensure you don’t miss any of the details.  Having all the details from the start will help your vet reach a diagnosis and treat your pet faster.

3. Anticipate the Questions Your Vet May Have

Appetite, activity level, and litter box habits are things your vet will undoubtedly ask you to detail. Make their job more efficient by having the answers ready. Anticipate other questions based on the complaint. If your cat is vomiting, note how often and the consistency. If your cat loses their appetite, notice how long it’s been going on and whether they eat at all or just their favorite foods.

4. Write Down Your Questions

You undoubtedly have questions and concerns. Do yourself a favor and write them down so that you don’t forget anything important. Remember that you have your vet’s undivided attention during your appointment. Get the most out of your time. No question is silly. It’s better to get all the facts so that you understand what is wrong with your cat and the plan to make things better.

5. Gather Any Necessary Medical Records and Medications

Your vet needs the complete picture to understand what is going on. Ensure you have your cat’s vaccination record, and if your cat takes any medication, ensure that you know which medication, how much and how often they take it. If this is your first visit to a new vet, it is worth calling the practice ahead of your appointment to make sure they have received your cat’s medical history from your previous vet’s office.

6. Get Your Cat Used to the Carrier Before Going to Your Appointment

You’ll need to transport your cat to the veterinary clinic in a carrier.  As a general rule, cats are highly suspicious of cat carriers, and the best way to reduce this suspicion is by getting your cat used to the carrier ahead of needing it.  Have your cat carrier in the living room so that your kitty can sniff and investigate it on their own time. Feed your cat treats in the carrier on a normal day so that they start to find the carrier less stressful.  When you are planning to put your cat into the carrier to transport them to the vet clinic, we suggest putting something that has your cat’s scent on it, like a favorite blanket or towel inside it to make it seem more familiar. There are even pheromone sprays that can help your kitty relax more easily.

7. Purchase a Good Quality Cat Carrier

Cat carriers come in all shapes and sizes.  Ensure you have a cat carrier that is large enough for your cat and that is made of hard plastic, as these are much more secure.  Carriers that have a removable lid are ideal so that your cat can be examined while remaining in the comfort of their box.  Being able to remove the lid also means that a frightened cat doesn’t have to be dragged out of the door of the carrier for their examination.

8. Allow Your Cat to Use the Litter Box Before You Go

Give your kitty time to use the litter box before your appointment. Your cat may soil the carrier, making it unpleasant and more time consuming for everyone. Remember that felines are clean animals, so sitting in a dirty carrier is undoubtedly uncomfortable and unsettling to them. Giving your cat time to use the litter tray before they go into the cat carrier can help avoid this situation.

9. Consider Using a Pheromone Spray

Cats in general don’t like being out of their routine, and they certainly don’t like going in a car.  The noise, the smell and the unpredictability of the situation makes a cat very unsettled. One study found that using a synthetic feline facial pheromone product can reduce stress during transport. This can mean that your cat arrives at the vet’s practice in a more relaxed state, which in turn can help your vet carry out a useful clinical examination.  Cats that arrive at the vet’s practice in an already stressed state can be much more difficult to handle.

10. Complete Any Online Forms Ahead of Time

If your vet has an app or online system, check out the site for any forms you may need to complete before your visit. Some clinics ask clients to fill out forms before annual exams to ensure their records are up to date. You can save a lot of time by completing them before your appointment and having hard copies ready if necessary. The administrative staff will appreciate your efficiency.

11. Arrive Early for Your Pet’s Appointment

The administrative staff strives to schedule appointments with enough time based on the issue. That may mean little leeway between time slots. Get the most out of your allotted time by arriving a few minutes early for your appointment. This will allow your cat to acclimatize a little before their consultation starts.  If there is time, vets often like to give cats time alone in an exam room to settle down after the ride to the clinic, so take advantage of it.

Final Thoughts

Being prepared before a vet trip can really improve efficiency and allow your vet to do their job as well as they can.  While you can’t remove the disruption and discomfort to your cat entirely, you can make the process go as quickly and efficiently as possible with simple measures. Some optimize your vet’s time by providing information and anticipating questions. Others prepare your kitty for the ordeal. All make the best of an unpleasant situation.

Featured Image Credit: Stock-Asso, Shutterstock

The post How to Save Time at the Vet? 11 Vet Approved Tips for Being Efficient at the Vet by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

It may be hard to imagine a time when drafting the principles of basic animal care was necessary. Sadly, the inhumane treatment of the country’s livestock prompted a 1965 British parliamentary inquiry into their conditions. It eventually led Professor John Webster of the now Farm Animal Welfare Council to draft what would become the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare. Professor David Mellor expanded the concept in 1994 with the Five Domains.

The lists might seem like common sense to many pet lovers today, but they needed to be articulated to provide a framework for scientific advancement and future policies. Today, they serve as a global model for organizations like the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA). They are supported by federal legislation like the Animal Welfare Act of 1966.

How Do the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare Work?

The application of the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare is the providence of the organizations adopting its principles. They include the following:

While they were written with livestock in mind, they also apply to pets and any animals in human care. We can interpret the specifics based on the species. The first freedom is self-evident: Cats should have food and fresh water available at all times. The second, as defined by the ASPCA, includes shelter and a comfortable resting area. For felines, it can mean a covered space or even a box. Research supports their suitability for stress reduction.

The third freedom involves appropriate veterinary care as necessary, with the goal of prompt treatment. The fourth freedom may mean something like providing a scratching post for a cat, for example, as being able to scratch is a physical need and a means of communication. The fifth freedom builds on the previous ones and perhaps is the most challenging of the freedoms. As an example, cats despise changes in their routine, which can manifest as the signs of an illness.

The Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare are subject to interpretation based on the individual animal. For example, some felines are so laidback that little phases them. Some breeds, however, like the Russian Blue, are naturally more fearful than others, making the fifth freedom particularly challenging for these animals. Early weaning before 8 weeks is another factor affecting a cat’s welfare, correlating with more problematic aggressive behavior.

What Are the Five Domains of Animal Welfare?

The goal of the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare was to raise awareness about these issues. However, values change. It may have been unthinkable to pamper cats as we do now back when Webster drew up the document. These changing ideas inspired Professor David Mellor and Dr. Cam Reid to update them based on today’s mores. Hence, they published the Five Domains of Animal Welfare.

They include the following:

The first three are Survival-Related Factors. The fourth involves Situation-Related Factors. The fifth is the Affective Experience Domain. Unlike the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare, the domains provide specific examples of do’s and don’ts for each realm. They include details like “A balanced diet,” and “Good fitness level.” Regular updates are part of the model’s application.

Where Are the Five Freedoms and Domains Used?

We mentioned many organizations adopting the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare. That underscores the need they fulfilled. While they may seem common sense, getting them in black and white was a significant step forward, and animals have benefited. The ASPCA uses the five freedoms to raise awareness with public service campaigns. Others, like the World Organisation for Animal Health, make them part of their mission.

Mellor and Reid intended the Five Domains of Animal Welfare to be guidelines, recognizing the subjective nature of interpreting animal emotions. They also rely on current scientific knowledge, which changes with growing research over time and lends credibility to this approach by considering internal and external factors affecting the perception of welfare to the observer and animal.

Of course, cats are different animals than livestock or dogs. An effective view of animal welfare must incorporate these facts into the model. Hence, you’ll see the five freedoms applied differently, reflecting these nuances. The five domains go one step further by recognizing the common survival denominators while leaving room for customization based on what group is using the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare.

Veterinarians can use this information to educate their clients about feline needs. Stress and discomfort often hover under the radar. After all, felines are masters at hiding any signs of distress. The Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare provide a framework for vets to work with pet owners to ensure cats get what they need to survive and thrive. After all, they aren’t the aloof creatures some may think of them. They also need compassion.

In recent years, veterinarians around the world have been expanding their knowledge and updating their practices to include a “fear-free clinic” approach. For cats, this involves details like eliminating waiting times, adding multi-cat calming pheromones, placing anti-slip mats over the examination table, having a gentle and considerate approach when handling them, and providing them with sedation, a cat-specific area that is dog-free, and a covered recovery area, just to name a few courtesies. “Fear-free” is a huge movement in the veterinary care world and many practices are obtaining a “Fear-Free Practice Certificate” after actualizing their space and operations to consider all the details that help make the experience less stressful for felines and other pets seen in the practice.

The Benefits of the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare

The benefits of the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare are clear: They stress the importance and responsibility of caring for animals. After all, it is a privilege to own a feline. Unfortunately, some people may simply be unaware of what good welfare entails. They aren’t intentionally cruel, but they may not know what it means in all areas. The five freedoms spell it out clearly.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

How Do the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare Deal With Enrichment?

These provisions are covered with normal behavior. That means providing enough space and interactions with cohorts if appropriate. Interactive toys are an excellent way to fulfill this need. Essentially, we must allow cats to be physically and mentally stimulated for a healthy lifestyle.

What Else Does Freedom From Discomfort Cover?

This element is critical for cats, and that includes providing them with whatever it takes to keep them from living in an uncomfortable or potentially dangerous situation or environment, including a space away from dogs and their barking, or doing what it takes to get them recovered after an injury or illness.

Are There Limits to the Application of the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare?

The Five Domains of Animal Welfare address these concerns. For example, both cover diet. However, feeding a cat to obesity is not in the kitty’s best interest. Likewise, a comfortable space is reasonable but doesn’t preclude interaction with people.

A Quick Reference Guide

Conclusion

The Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare identified a problem and offered a solution for livestock stressed by their living conditions. Its principles cross species lines on several fronts. The Five Domains of Animal Welfare are the updated version, with more specific guidelines and information to help caregivers make informed choices, with the latitude to adapt them for different species, like our feline companions.

• Also see: Animal Rights Awareness Week: When It Is & How to Participate

Featured Image Credit: Billion Photos, Shutterstock

The post Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare: How Vets Apply Them to Cats by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Having hair is one of many characteristics that distinguish mammals from other classes of animals, such as reptiles and birds. Other traits include the anatomy of our inner ears, the structure of our jaws, and the presence and function of mammary glands. You’ve probably heard and used hair and fur interchangeably, along with coat, pelt, or pelage, depending on what animal you’re discussing.

From a scientific perspective, the words are the same. How we use them is more nuanced. We may speak of an animal’s “fur” or “coat” as the collective term for all the hairs on an animal. We often say “hair” when referring to the individual strands. Whatever the word, they refer to the same thing. However, cats have different types of hair with specialized functions.

The Function of Hair and Its Evolution

Scientists hypothesize that hair and warm-bloodedness or endothermy are linked. Nonetheless, it’s one of those which-came-first types of questions. It makes evolutionary sense why natural selection would favor hair since it keeps the animal warm. Being warm-blooded takes energy, and insulation allows the creature to conserve it.

Of course, hair serves several other purposes. It provides camouflage so that cats can hunt and stalk their prey. Likewise, the mottled appearance of kittens protects the young from predators. Hair also helps a feline communicate with other animals. Think of a cat’s back hairs sticking up or their tail puffing up at the threshold of a conflict. It has a similar function for you as a pet owner.

The condition of a cat’s fur can indicate the state of the animal’s physical and mental health. A dull coat or hair loss can be a red flag of anything, from a nutritional deficiency to stress to a medical condition. It’s worth noting that we’re speaking of the feline’s hair collectively. Hence, we opted for fur and coat to describe this physical feature.

The Genetics of Hair Length

Density and length also comes into the conversation when distinguishing between hair and fur, particularly with dogs. We might use the former to refer to the fine, long coat of an Afghan Hound and the latter when talking about the dense coat of an Alaskan Malamute. The takeaway is that genetics determines an animal’s hair length. A short-haired cat’s fur will only grow so long, for example.

Short-haired is the default for our domestic cats. Scientists have identified the Near Eastern or African wildcat (Felis silvestris lybica) as the likely ancestor of our pets.¹ These animals live in various habitats on the continent’s grasslands and scrubland. Being long-haired would be a hindrance since it could get matted quicker and hamper their survival and reproductive success.

Long-Haired Cats

Researchers have four genetic mutations that make cats long-haired. They identified the oldest in the Turkish Angora. The three others are associated with specific breeds: the Ragdoll, Maine Coon, and Norwegian Forest Cat. Being long-haired is a recessive trait. That means a kitten must inherit this copy or allele of the gene from both parents to express it visually.

A mitigating factor in all these variants is the role of domestication and selective breeding. Enthusiasts made being long-haired fixed in these felines by breeding animals with the desired traits. One could also argue that this characteristic is necessary for survival in the case of Nordic breeds. It’s not unheard of in wild felines, with the snow leopard (Uncia uncia) being a classic example.

Fur would probably be a more accurate description of the animal’s thick, long coats necessary to tolerate the extreme weather conditions of the mountains of Central Asia. It’s often helpful to distinguish its physical features when discussing whether cats have hair or fur. This species makes a solid case for using the latter term.

Types of Cat Hair

We can find other incidents where using hair or fur might be more appropriate. Let’s consider the types of hair that most cats have. Guard hairs are the ones that give your pet their color and are the ones you stroke when interacting with your kitty. Their length is relatively long, depending on the breed. These coarse hairs are a protective outer coat, acting as a water-repellent barrier and helping shield a cat’s skin from other environmental elements.

Awn hairs are the next layer. It’s shorter than the top one. It’s multi-functional, helping insulate and protect.

The down hairs are next and closest to the animal’s skin. Its purpose is in its name—to keep the feline warm, not unlike the comforter you put on your bed. Multiple layers leave space for air for additional insulation.

Whiskers

The most specialized of a cat’s hairs are their whiskers. They exist on the animal’s face, above the eyes, and on their legs. They serve a sensory function with their terminal connection to nerves. They help your kitty navigate their world, even in the dark. They provide much information about the environment and surroundings that a cat needs to hunt and survive life’s challenges.

No one would refer to a cat’s whiskers as fur. It’s one case where we can definitively say they are hairs, although many may not know what they are. After all, they differ from what we think of as hairs. They are long and stiff. Their sensory function is evident if you try to touch them. Even the most docile pet will likely object to this contact.

Final Thoughts

The difference between hairs and fur is a matter of degrees. While the two words mean the same thing, we often differentiate the two by density. The former are the individual strands, while the latter refers to the overall collection of them. That’s a colloquial distinction but useful in many contexts. However, whiskers are one example of specialized hairs where this terminology is appropriate.

Featured Image Credit: Light Hound Pictures, Shutterstock

The post Do Cats Have Hair or Fur? Vet-Verified Facts & Info by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

If you ask any pet owner, they’ll emphatically say that their cats have feelings. They say their cats have expressed love and affection, and can even recognize and respond to how their caregivers are feeling. And it turns out that they’re right about their feline companions!

Research supports the hypothesis that our cats experience the six basic emotions of surprise, fear, disgust, sadness, happiness, and anger. These are all the emotions we’d expect to see in a 2 ½-year-old child. There is currently a lack of scientific evidence that cats are capable of more complex secondary emotions, such as compassion, shame, jealousy, and disappointment. Let’s learn a bit more about feline feelings and emotions just below.

Basic Cat Emotions and Body Language

Let’s consider how cats express their emotions. Visual communication is vital for animals since it can help avoid conflict. It can signal what they are feeling, if a territory is occupied, and readiness during courtship.

You can tell a lot about what your pet is feeling by observing and learning their body language. For example, a cat with their tail held high or in a question mark shape is willing to interact. Meanwhile, a feline swishing their tail back and forth is signaling their irritation. Woe to the person or animal who is the reason behind a puffed-up tail! That’s a feline that is upset and may strike if provoked.

These postures are examples of the six basic emotions that pet owners probably see often. Interestingly, research has uncovered evidence of heritability of some behavioral traits that speak to emotions. One study even identified Angora and Turkish Van cats as the most aggressive among the breeds studied.¹ Likewise, the scientists found sociability differences among the breeds, with the British Shorthair being the least likely to seek human contact versus the outright friendliness of the Ragdoll.

Selective breeding undoubtedly plays a role since enthusiasts would invariably choose which traits to encourage. This study also found a high degree of heritability of aggression and shyness among cats.

Feline emotions are even evident in their facial expressions. An ambitious team of researchers studied these features in 50 cats over the course of a year. The scientists identified 276 different facial expressions which the cats used to communicate with each other and reveal their emotions. These were made up of a mix of 26 unique facial movements.² For comparison dogs, that we may consider highly expressive, only have around 27 facial movements, but we are generally better at interpreting them.

Inherited Behavior Versus Learned Responses

Unlike dogs, cats are very much in touch with their wild side. Domestication has only altered 13 genes during our 12,000-odd years together. Surprisingly, our feline companions share 95.6% of their DNA with the tiger!³ We can conclude that much of our cats’ behavior and associated emotions are learned responses. After all, they are intelligent animals, and they even know when you’re talking to them.

Vocalizations

Another inherited and learned form of communication exists through vocalizations. Science has documented 21 different vocalizations in our feline companions. That of itself lends credence to cats having feelings. They have a lot to say with all those sounds. Research has shown the profound effects of domestication on their repertoire in some unexpected ways.

For example, cats learn and respond to their names even when someone unfamiliar to them says it. Research has also shown our feline companions look to us when presented with an unfamiliar object for cues about how to respond to it. The animals adjust their emotions accordingly. These findings suggest recognition of feelings and the ability to adapt to new situations. Let’s consider how it affects vocalizing.

Purring

Purring is one of the classic feline vocalizations. Interestingly, only small cats purr, whereas most large felines roar. The exceptions are the cheetah and cougar. A species can’t do both because of their varying anatomies. Purring serves several purposes for cats. Kittens, like human babies, are born helpless or altricial. They are entirely dependent on their mothers. Purring is a form of communication between them.

Humans are likewise hardwired to respond to cries. It’s imperative for our survival. Kittens can purr shortly after they’re born, supporting this role. People are equally responsive to purring, even among non-cat owners. It’s like the baby sound we hear. Kittens do it to get their mother’s attention, so your pet may also purr to get something from you, namely food or affection. This purpose is unique to domestication.

The cause and effect is that your cat wants something and has figured out what they must do to get it. That comes from experience and conditioning fortified with positive reinforcement. Your pet purrs, and you obey.

Meowing

Meowing is the quintessential feline vocalization. Children learn how cats make this sound early in their education. It seems like the sound and kitties are intertwined. However, the truth tells a different story. Cats do meow, but it’s usually communication between kittens and their mothers. It’s not something you often hear behind this life stage in feral or wild felines. Like purring, it’s another product of domestication.

Our pets need to be in touch with their feelings to express themselves. The manner in which they do it speaks to their intelligence. Nevertheless, it has worked. We respond to meowing like we do purring. Every time we respond, we reinforce its effectiveness. Couple this concept with the notion that felines can read our emotions and react to us.

Emotional Recognition

The development of feelings has been long in the making. Research reveals that cats bond strongly with their caregivers, not unlike dogs or even children. These findings are fascinating, given the stereotypical perception of felines being aloof and unattached. The evidence speaks for itself, with name and emotion recognition. Separation anxiety is an extreme example of the bond between cats and their owners.

Compelling evidence of our pets having feelings exists with research involving cat blinking and eye narrowing. Scientists know that felines use their eyes to communicate with conspecifics. Emotions run both ends of the spectrum. One study found that these gestures were associated with positive emotions between people and cats. The researchers equated it to a feline smile.

You blink, and your cat responds in kind. It’s a shared moment between owner and pet that symbolizes the affection for each other on a personal level. It doesn’t get any better.

Final Thoughts

The evidence is clear: Cats do have feelings. Our feline companions bond with us emotionally in relationships that reinforce and nurture these feelings. You may look at your kitty differently, knowing what lies between their cat’s eyes. However, their emotions will just continue to bring us closer together as time goes on.

Featured Image Credit: Mariia Romanyk, Shutterstock

The post Do Cats Have Feelings? Feline Emotions Explained (Vet-Reviewed) by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Divorce is never easy, and it’s even more complicated when pets are involved. Cats like their routines, and they get attached to their caregivers. Unfortunately, significant changes are on the horizon when it comes to divorce. While you can’t eliminate these changes, you can minimize their impact, with planning and cooperation. Hopefully, you can find some common ground with your ex to help your cats adapt to the new situation.

Presumably, you both love your pets. They are innocent in this situation, and they also don’t understand what’s happening, although they may have sensed the discord in your home. Your kitties are likely stressed already. Let’s find ways to drop it down a notch.

Before You Start

Discussing the situation on neutral ground may help you and your ex-partner to figure out a plan. This preliminary conversation requires honesty. You must decide where your cats will fare best. It may be evident that they are more attached to one of you than the other. Consider who will be moving from your home and where your cats will be most content.

The best scenario is to minimize the changes they’ll experience. That covers everything from their daily routine to their diet to the household activity levels. Determine which of you can provide these conditions, and make decisions based on what’s best for everyone involved.

The 10 Tips on How to Help Cats Adapt to a Divorce

1. Plan the Move

If the cats are moving, plan the move carefully. We recommend keeping the household layout as close as possible to normal. Let your cats explore the moving boxes during downtimes, which will allow them to reassure themselves all is well. While moving is disruptive, try to keep things low-key. Loud noises or sudden movements will stress your pets, but planning ahead can minimize them.

2. Board Your Cats or Sequester Them in a Room

Boarding or keeping your cats in a closed room may be easier and safer for them while a move takes place. It’ll allow you to focus on the task at hand and the emotions it will likely elicit. It’s a difficult time for you, too, so removing the task of looking after your cats can help relieve some stress. It can streamline the process if you don’t have to worry about your cats’ reactions to the upheaval, or them accidentally slipping out of the house while a door is left open, for example.

3. Minimize Disruptions

We suggest keeping the disruptions to a minimum. Pack room by room to avoid changing the whole house at one time. If you plan to hire movers, refer back to number 2 on this list.  Even the most well adapted cats will find having movers in and out of the house extremely stressful.

4. Leave Some Articles of Clothing With the Person’s Scent

If you and the cats are staying put, and your ex-partner is leaving, ask them if they can leave some articles of clothing behind. Familiar scents can calm your kitties while everything else is topsy-turvy. Felines are well-attuned to smell, and the changes may seem less threatening to them if they can ground themselves with a scent that they know and are comfortable with.

5. Expect Your Pets to Be Stressed

Change isn’t easy. Don’t be surprised if your pets are upset with the situation. They’d prefer everything to stay the same because it makes them feel secure. Divorce can bring tremendous changes they may be ill-equipped to handle. Be patient with them as they cope with the situation.  Signs of stress in a cat are usually shown by inappropriate urination (urinating around the house or spraying on the walls), inappropriate defecation, over-grooming and/or hiding.

6. Maintain Their Usual Routine

Try to keep the household routine as close to normal as possible. Don’t change their diet, litter, or daily schedule, if possible. Let them get used to the other changes while keeping their routine as close to normal as you can.

7. Use a Pheromone Product

Some research suggests pheromone sprays can calm cats and help them deal with stressful situations like divorces. These products replicate scents that can reassure your pets that they are safe despite the changes going on around them. It’s another reason we suggested leaving behind clothing with your partner’s scent!

8. Interact With Your Kitties

Try to interact with your cats as normal, even with the disruption in your lifestyle. Remember that your pets will be picking up on the changes in the household, so interacting with them as you always have will reduce their stress levels.

9. Get Some Interactive Toys

Interactive toys are an excellent way to entertain your pets and provide welcome mental stimulation. Cats are intelligent animals. If your partner was the one that played with the cats the most, these products can go some way to making up for that loss. Plus, they’re simply a welcome distraction from all the other chaos that might be going on around the house.

10. Reassure Your Cats

We understand the high emotions accompanying divorce. That makes it essential to reassure your kitties that all is well despite the changes. Reassure your pets with attention and playtime. Create positive associations with their new routines or surroundings by using treats and praise.

Final Thoughts

Pet owners may underestimate the effects of significant life changes like divorce can have on their cats. Felines are attuned to the goings-on of the household. Instinct causes them to react to change suspiciously. Your goal is to make this new chapter as non-threatening as possible to your kitties. They don’t like change, so you must reassure them that it won’t affect the care and attention they will be receiving to make it a smooth transition.

Featured Image Credit: Lightfield Studios, Shutterstock

The post How to Help Cats Adapt to a Divorce: Vet Reviewed Techniques & Tips by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Veterinary care has come a long way over the years. The pandemic propelled telemedicine for people and pets. It allowed everyone to have access to care without the risk of getting sick, all from the comfort of our own homes. It also opened doors for individuals with animal companions who aren’t keen on the car ride to the clinic. Sometimes, it can help you avoid the hassle of taking your pet to the vet altogether by answering questions virtually.

Our guide to the best online vet services includes everything you need to know about this novel offering. We cover the costs and other things to expect in the below reviews. However, please note that online vet services don’t replace in-office visits. Instead, they offer another option for quick, non-emergency care, with the added benefit of convenience.

A Quick Comparison of Our Favorites in 2024

	Image	Product	Details
Best Overall		PangoVet	Upfront pricing Helps with a large range of issues Quick and easy process from start to finish	CHECK PRICE
Budget Buy		Chewy Connect With a Vet	Live chat or video appointments Online shopping portal Same-day appointments available	CHECK PRICE
		Pawp	24/7 chat and video chat for members An emergency fund for members Unlimited follow-up visits	CHECK PRICE
		Vetster	Prescription fulfillment (with limitations) 24/7 on-demand vet appointments Subscription plans	CHECK PRICE
		Whisker Docs	Email consult option Complimentary follow-up calls One-time options	CHECK PRICE

The 6 Best Online Vet Services – Reviews & Top Picks 2024

1. PangoVet – Best Overall

PangoVet stands out from the rest thanks to its easy and reliable process from start to finish. All you have to do is fill out a quick form, pay the consultation fee, and join the video chat to receive actionable advice. The team is made up of trusted veterinarians, and they can help with anything from ear and skin issues to nutrition to training and behavioral problems. If you’re on the fence, they even have a growing online resource center to refer to. However, please note that the company is not able to prescribe medications at this time.

2. Chewy Connect With a Vet – Budget Buy

Chewy Connect With a Vet is a free service to help pet owners get the answers they want when they need it. You can either schedule a 20-minute appointment or get quick answers via online chat, and the latter is unlimited. You can schedule same-day appointments or schedule them up to 2 weeks ahead of time. Plus, since the chat is free and video calls are only $20, this makes it our pick for the best online vet service for the money.

Chewy Connect cannot prescribe or refill medications. It also has some state restrictions, which are beyond the scope of the company. The service also only deals with cats and dogs.

3. Pawp

Pawp fills several niches as pet insurance continues to evolve. It has 24/7 veterinary availability for members. It also has an emergency fund, which insurers usually provide. The company offers a subscription plan with unlimited follow-up visits, which is valuable for pet owners with cats with chronic health conditions. The service includes actionable aftercare plans.

You can access the services via chat or video. We liked the fact that employees must have at least 5 years of clinical experience and continued education requirements, so you know you’re dealing with trusted professionals. However, our biggest gripe is that they mainly offer member-only services, so you have to pay to benefit from them in any way.

4. Vetster

Vetster succeeds on several scores to help pet owners with their pressing needs with 24/7 on-demand vet appointments. You can get four free meetings with a subscription plan. That’s enough to push it to the head of the class for the value it provides. You can also get refills for prescriptions, which definitely sets it apart from many other online vet sites.

Vester can connect you with a local vet to make care seamless. The site includes an informative blog and an extensive knowledge base to help you understand issues facing your cat. The customer support is top-notch as well. However, according to some customer reviews, there are times when the vets will cancel at the last minute.

5. Whisker Docs

Whisker Docs makes it easy to consult with a vet, no matter what form of communication or whether it’s a one-time visit or a subscription. You can get free follow-ups and unlimited visits with a plan. The setup is brilliant because it appeals to all pet owners with varying tech experience. Even older pet parents will feel comfortable connecting with a vet 24/7.qq

This company’s customer service is excellent, from the online library to the FAQs. It’s definitely user-friendly on all fronts. We liked the email option, which many non-techy pet clients may find appealing. On the downside, there isn’t an emergency fund, so you’ll need to keep your pet insurance policy current.

6. Banfield Vet Chat

Banfield Pet Hospital strives to provide service on all fronts. The online vet services are a no-brainer. The advantage for pet owners is seamless care. You don’t have to worry about your cat’s info being in the system with a detailed medical history. That makes it convenient since you often have to have this option available for follow-up care, and you can appreciate this benefit if you’ve ever dealt with multiple clinics.

These services are a boon for pet owners and clinics. That’s why it’s a part of the company’s wellness plan. It’s a win-win since many states require a relationship with the patient.

Buyer’s Guide: Choosing the Best Online Vet Service

Pet owners likely see online vet services as a boon. You don’t have to take a fearful or reluctant cat to the vet. Instead, you can get comparable care without having to leave your home. It’s less stressful for your kitty. If any handling is necessary, you’re doing it as a familiar face to your pet, although there are some instances where you will still have to take them in to see someone in person. Also, some may see it as a more affordable option. However, that’s not always the case.

Cost

Cost is an integral part of your decision. We mentioned that online vet services don’t replace office visits. However, there are times when taking your pet to the vet could cost more than just money—your time and peace of mind. Taking a pet to the vet can be stressful, and some people even need to take work off to do so. If your pet seems out of sorts but you don’t believe they’re having a medical emergency, this is when an online service can save you both time and money, as a vet will be able to give you their professional opinion and advice all from the comfort of your own home and in a quick, often 20-minute session.

Features

Features you may see include contact options, like whether it’s an online text chat or a video call. It’s a personal preference, although the latter has a distinct advantage. The vet can observe your pet. It’s not just seeing your cat but viewing them in a familiar environment. A common problem with feline research is being able to observe natural behavior unimpeded by the animal’s natural wariness. This feature is priceless.

Some sites offer virtual libraries with curated information not tainted by anecdotal content or blatant misinformation. After all, Google isn’t always right. Some can write prescriptions, which can save you a lot of hassle if a visual diagnosis is possible. You’ll see this offering with many skin conditions in people. You’ll find some services for one-off calls and chats or subscription plans.

Services

The nature of these services limits their scope. Federal law and regulations are the controlling agents, and understanding these limitations is imperative. We’re sure many platforms would like to offer several options if they were legal and ethical, such as offering prescriptions, which vary from state to state.

So, good customer service is essential despite these concerns. Also, when shopping, think about how you would use the services offered. You’re more likely to go straight to the emergency vet clinic for poisoning and injuries, for example. Meanwhile, it’s a different story if your dog has a chronic condition that you must monitor. Thus, the value of the services offered varies.

Insurance Coverage

Many insurers offer their versions of online vet services, while others accept claims for them. That adds another layer of complexity when using these platforms. We suggest checking the fine print on coverage to see if the site has this option. Remember that most companies provide reimbursement instead of paying the bill outright. Some may require you to use a specific service. Meanwhile, some plans don’t cover online services at all.

Conclusion

Based on our reviews, PangoVet was the best overall choice on our list of the best online vet services. Meanwhile, Chewy Connect With a Vet is an affordable option for budget-minded pet owners with free chat or personalized online appointments. However, there are many of these services to choose from, so ensure you find one that offers exactly what you need for a price within your budget.

See also:

• Can Online Vets Prescribe Antibiotics? Our Vet Explains the Facts & Legality
• Virtual Vet Visits: What to Expect & FAQ (Vet Verified)

Featured Image Credit: PhotodriveStudio, Shutterstock

The post 6 Best Online Vet Services in 2024 – Reviews & Top Picks by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

It’s hard not to notice a tortoiseshell cat. Their appearance is striking, with their uniquely colored fur. No two felines are the same, and genetics control the variations. The vast majority are also female, adding to their mystique. The pattern is more prevalent in some breeds, but the tortoiseshell is not a breed; it merely describes the color pattern.

The term describes animals with a mottled patchwork of orange and non-orange hues. They can be black or some variation, from ginger to chocolate to cream. Calicos are similarly colored, with the addition of white, making them a tri-colored variant of the tortoiseshell cat. However, the Tortoiseshell Cat only has black and orange markings.

The Earliest Records of the Tortoiseshell Cat in History

It’s unclear when the first tortoiseshell cat appeared, but ancient records suggest they were mentioned by the Celts and Khmers of Southeast Asia. When the tortoiseshell variant occurs in female cats, it’s simply a manifestation of a dominant, sex-linked trait.

The gene controlling its physical expression is located on the X chromosome. Each parent contributes a copy or an allele of the two they possess to each of their offspring. A kitten must only inherit one copy of the trait to be visually present.

A recessive trait only appears if both alleles are the same copy. For example, if the alleles an offspring receives from their parents are OO or Oo, the dominant trait is present. The capital O is shorthand for the dominant tortoiseshell variant, and the small letter is the recessive. The only way for the tortoiseshell not to be visible is if both alleles are oo, making the cat brown or black and not orange.

A Genetic Explanation

However, that fact raises another question. If this color characteristic is dominant, why don’t all female tortoiseshell cats have the orange color? If she is OO or Oo for the trait, you’d expect the cat to be orange without any black coloration. The answer lies in evolution’s role in survival.

Interestingly, researchers have identified over 1,000 genes on the X chromosomes. The Y chromosome of males doesn’t have nearly as many. Nevertheless, that doesn’t mean the X-linked traits are viable or necessary for survival. Some are harmful and potentially fatal. How did evolution deal with this conflict?

Natural selection prevents the expression of some X-linked characteristics through a process known as X-chromosome inactivation (XCI). That means some O alleles are suppressed, leading to the mottled patchwork we call tortoiseshell, with orange and black present. XCI doesn’t happen in male cats. If the animal inherits a single O dominant allele, the feline is orange or black, not both.

The incidence of the tortoiseshell male cat has another genetic twist. Early scientists deduced it must be sex-linked simply because of the inheritance pattern and the animal’s sex.¹ The only way a male animal could have this pattern is if they had two X chromosomes, allowing the orange and black to be visible, making them XXY. It can occur if the cat has inherited the Klinefelter syndrome.²

This condition also exists in humans. It’s not surprising since we share 90% of our DNA with cats.³ Sadly, Klinefelter’s syndrome has many risks, including an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, some cancers, and autism. This random genetic mutation also causes sterility in males. That explains its rarity among male cats and its prevalence in females.

Why the Tortoiseshell Color Appeared in the First Place

The domestic cat is a descendant of the African Wild Cat (Felis silvestris lybica). This feline is notably sand-colored to match their arid habitat and provide camouflage. Why do our pets come in so many color variations, like tortoiseshells? An animal with this pelage would stand out and probably won’t survive. The answer lies with domestication.

Charles Darwin theorized that selective breeding profoundly impacted animals’ genetics and phenotype or physical appearance. Scientists later observed relative depigmentation and other traits associated with breeding animals to be tame. The term domestication syndrome describes these changes people induced in the animals they domesticated.

The pleasing coloration, like tortoiseshell and other characteristics we prefer, results from human efforts for selective breeding. This process occurs much faster than natural selection. What would take Nature thousands of years occurs in a handful of generations with human intervention. Of course, evolution also had a say.

How the Tortoiseshell Cat Gained Popularity

While the earliest records are unclear, the tortoiseshell likely has been in the domestic cat’s gene pool since ancient times. The folklore of many cultures contains accounts of this beautiful but mysterious feline, with explanations of the animal’s appearance and supposed meaning. Stories exist from the United Kingdom to Japan and the United States about the tortoiseshell’s unique coat.

The beauty of the tortoiseshell pattern is undoubtedly a factor in its popularity. The animal’s appearance is unique, often with eye-catching markings. Remember that formal cat breeds are a relatively recent phenomenon. Enthusiasts may have tried selectively breeding felines to increase their prevalence. The occurrence in males is random, with no guarantee of tortoiseshell offspring.

Formal Recognition of the Tortoiseshell Cat

Formal recognition of the tortoiseshell cat rests with the breeds in which it is a permitted color. The Persian is an ancient breed, with tortoiseshell among its many accepted colors. Other breeds with similar standards include the following:

The tortoiseshell color is not allowed in breed standards where the appearance is integral to the animal’s conformation. The Chartreux and Russian Blue are two classic examples, with only a single color and its variants allowed. Remember that parent clubs that approve tortoiseshells also include calico by its very definition, with the latter being tri-colored versus the bi-colored tortoiseshell.

Top 4 Unique Facts About the Tortoiseshell Cat

1. The Tortoiseshell Variation Is a Rare Occurrence.

Scientists estimate that it only occurs in an estimated 1 in 3,000 male cats. The prevalence of sterility in these animals is a mitigating factor in its scarcity.

2. Variations of the Tortoiseshell Pattern Exist.

While each cat is different, some noted variations of the tortoiseshell coloration exist, including the tortoiseshell tabby and bridled cat.

3. A Small Study Hypothesized Gene Stability as an Explanation for the Tortoiseshell Color.

The researchers identified two fertile males with this color variant. The animals had the usual 38 chromosomes without the XXY in felines with Klinefelter’s syndrome. They determined that all things being equal, gene stability was the only explanation for the cats’ coloration and fertility.

4. Another Explanation That’s Even More Fantastical and Rare Involves Chimerism.

Chimerism defines an organism with cells from two sources. In this case, the second organism is the reabsorbed DNA of a deceased twin embryo. Scientists identified what they believed was the first case of a fertile tortoiseshell male cat displaying chimerism.

Does a Tortoiseshell Cat Make a Good Pet?

The tortoiseshell will make a delightful pet, regardless of the breed. Much depends on the animal’s rearing and care. We suspect the kitty’s unique appearance may garner more attention and pampering. One of the most critical considerations is providing adequate mental stimulation and enrichment for your pet.

Felines are intelligent and need stimulation for their mental health. You can satisfy this need with regular interaction with your pet and interactive toys that challenge them. Understanding the financial and time commitment of inviting a cat into your life is imperative for their welfare and well-being.

Conclusion

The tortoiseshell cat isn’t a breed but a recognized color variation accepted by many parent clubs. Its appearance is the result of eons of evolution that have shaped the animal’s DNA and improved their fitness for survival. The trait picked up many enthusiasts who marveled at the cat’s beauty along the way. The tortoiseshell pattern is also a genetics lesson since it’s an X-linked characteristic.

Featured Image Credit: Tinka Mach, Shutterstock

The post Tortoiseshell Cat: Info, Pictures, Care & Facts by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

The Maine Coon already gets your attention without even looking at the cat’s feet and their polydactyly or extra toes. This trait can add extra digits to their paws. Polydactyl felines in general have an aura about them, no doubt, because of their association with author Ernest Hemingway. The Ernest Hemingway Home and Museum houses an estimated 60 cats, although they’re not Maine Coons. However, this breed specifically is known for carrying the polydactyl trait. Let’s learn more about these unique felines with extra digits.

Breed Overview

The Maine Coon is an all-American cat breed, with their origin being right in the breed name. The state of Maine even has made them their state cat. It’s fitting, given the feline’s hardiness and muscular bodies. They can handle whatever the Maine climate sends them. It’s not just about the kitty’s large size. Their coat is weather-resistant, which gives them an edge during the harsh winters.

The Maine Coon is almost dog-like in their behavior. It’s one thing that attracts enthusiasts to the breed. Legends exist regarding the cat and their origins. The stories seem to match the large size of the feline. Most interestingly, their polydactyly is symbolic of the breed’s acceptance in cat registries and adds another interesting layer to the pet’s story.

Polydactyl Maine Coon Characteristics

The Earliest Records of the Polydactyl Maine Coon in History

We know that the Maine Coon is one of the oldest breeds in North America. That probably explains its fascination among enthusiasts. The precise origins of polydactyly are unclear, but it begins with the cat. Some tales link the breed with the Vikings. Others credit Marie Antoinette with the feline’s origin. The truth is probably less romantic, involving seafarers traveling to the New World with their cats.

The Maine Coon’s story probably follows a similar path as early feline domestication in the Fertile Crescent roughly 12,000 years ago. Cats proved themselves useful as pest control on ships. Hardiness was another desirable trait under these challenging conditions. However, their known history goes back to the 19th century.

How the Polydactyl Maine Coon Gained Popularity

Pest control undoubtedly helped propel the feline’s popularity. Their hardiness and adaptability to the harsh climate were points in their favor. Their size and dog-like manners also endeared them to fans of this breed. This job nurtured the intelligence and temperament of the breed. Animals assigned to perform pest control have an independent streak, which is helpful for this job.

However, the polydactyl Maine Coon is also a friendly cat. This animal doesn’t hide when things are happening in the household. They want to know what’s going on in most cases. They are very people-oriented, which endeared them to cat lovers. It also helps that they get along with other household members, whether kids or dogs. They’re relatively tolerant and easygoing overall.

Formal Recognition of the Polydactyl Maine Coon

The Cat Fanciers’ Association (CFA) recognized the Maine Coon in 1976. The International Cat Association (TICA) followed in 1979. The polydactyl Maine Coon received its separate designation from the TICA in 2015. It’s worth noting, however, that the CFA considers this trait worth withholding the animal from the show ring.

Top 4 Unique Facts About the Polydactyl Maine Coon

1. Polydactyly Is a Dominant Trait

Only one parent has to contribute a copy or allele of this trait for it to present visually, making it a dominant trait.

2. No Preference for the Degree of Polydactyly Exists With the TICA Breed Standard

TICA seems to reward the polydactyly trait no matter how it appears in Maine Coon cats. The importance lies in its presence in the felines. On the other hand, the CFA doesn’t view it with merit.

3. The Polydactyl Maine Coon Is a Late Bloomer

Like big dogs, the Maine Coon is slow to mature, reaching their full size at 3 to 4 years. Keep this fact in mind when getting a kitten. The parents should be at least this age before breeding. A reputable seller will ensure this is the case. We suggest asking about the adults’ history to ensure you get a healthy pet.

4. The Polydactyl Maine Coon Isn’t the Only Animal With Extra Toes

Scientists have identified this trait in a few dog breeds, including the Great Pyrenees, Yorkshire Terrier, and Shetland Sheepdog.

Does the Polydactyl Maine Coon Make a Good Pet?

There’s a lot to be said for a hardy cat that is tolerant of many things. That describes the polydactyl Maine Coon, extra toes aside. They are hardy and relatively healthy. They are playful and agreeable with most pets and people, including kids. They are intelligent but need enrichment. That’s true of any animal to prevent boredom, though, as a bored pet is a destructive one.

The polydactyl Maine Coon loves people, so they thrive best with pet owners who interact with their cats often. These felines need this attention. They are good pets if they get the love and mental stimulation they need. You should groom your pet regularly, checking their ears and trimming their nails to keep them used to this handling.

The polydactyl Maine Coon loves attention, but they aren’t cuddlers. They like to observe and interact on their own terms. Nevertheless, these cats are sweethearts if you want a pet that stays involved with the household.

Health concerns with the Maine Coon are minimal, and the effects of being polydactyl are minimal. The cats adapt to their differences without any problems.

Conclusion

People often describe the polydactyl Maine Coon as a gentle giant because of the animal’s relatively large size compared to other cats. They have big mitts to match their large bodies. While the CFA doesn’t recognize this variation, the TICA embraces them with their own designation. Many find this trait endearing and unique. Nonetheless, this cat couldn’t be friendlier or more playful.

Featured Image Credit: Kutikova Ekaterina, Shutterstock

The post Polydactyl Maine Coon Cat Breed: Info, Pictures, Care & Facts by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Virtual doctor visits or telemedicine is a product of the pandemic and the restrictions it imposed. Nevertheless, virtual vet visits have stuck around and serve a purpose and have many benefits for pet owners, particularly for cats. Dogs often ride in vehicles, whether going to the vet or the doggie park.

Meanwhile, cats don’t typically get this exposure, making virtual vet visits a more viable option to relieve stress and anxiety. However, there are times when virtual visits just make more sense, especially if it’s not an emergency situation and you just have a few questions about your cat’s signs and behavior.

How Does It Work?

The premise of a virtual vet visit is to conduct an appointment online instead of in person. Instead of hauling your cat to the clinic, everything happens virtually. Your vet will take a history from you and will ask you questions for clarification. They can also observe your pet for signs of certain issues. You get the same dedicated time to ask questions for the scheduled duration.

The biggest difference is the setting. The appointment happens at home instead of the clinic. It requires a good Internet connection to put it on a par with an in-office visit. However, they obviously won’t be able to perform a physical exam, and some vets won’t be able to make a diagnosis or prescribe medications virtually.

What Are the Different Types of Virtual Vet Visits?

There aren’t different types of virtual vet visits, per se, because of the limitations of the meeting. However, you can give your vet pertinent information to help them arrive at a diagnosis or at least an assessment of what’s happening with your cat. After all, felines are notorious for hiding pain or other signs of an issue. A vet must rely on your evidence and your cat’s signs and then make suggestions from there.

Within the context of virtual vet visits, there is a slight but fundamental difference between telemedicine and telehealth—the latter being synonymous with teleadvice or teletriage. With telemedicine, the vet can diagnose and treat the condition (unless an in-clinic visit is necessary). With telehealth or teletriage visits, the vet may advise on the urgency of taking your pet to an emergency vet, and answer general questions.

Where Is It Used?

Virtual vet visits typically occur at home. You should do it in a small room, like a bathroom, so your cat is visible and accessible. Avoid taking the call someplace where your kitty can hide under a bed or other place. The visual component is vital for the value of this offering. For example, if your pet is limping, your vet must see how it affects their mobility to make an accurate assessment of the problem and advise on the next steps.

You can conduct the visit wherever you and your cat are, which adds to their value. You can do the virtual vet visit at home or on the road. The only criterion is a reliable connection. We suggest having notes of what’s going on with your kitty to make the best use of your time if there is a limit.

Advantages of Virtual Vet Visits

The greatest advantage of virtual vet visits is stress reduction. Too much stress can mask the clinical signs your vet needs to evaluate your kitty’s issue. They are more likely to see the animal’s normal behavior than something stress-induced. Felines are going to be on their guard someplace else, which can hinder a diagnosis.

It can also save you time and money to make the visit virtually. It’s one thing if you work from home, but it’s another thing if you have to take time off from work. That adds to your stress and can make the appointment more costly for you. Often, virtual vet visits are less expensive than going into the office.

It’s worth noting that some appointments aren’t worth bringing your cat to the clinic. That may include behavioral issues or follow-up visits. Sometimes, a vet may not have to touch or examine your pet physically. It can also save your vet time when dealing with these cases.

Disadvantages of Virtual Vet Visits

A virtual vet visit can’t accurately assess every problem. Your vet may need to examine your cat physically to make a diagnosis. They may have to conduct tests that can’t happen online. This may delay the diagnosis and treatment of your pet, or end up costing you more if you have to bring your pet into the clinic anyway.

If you don’t have an existing veterinary-client-patient relationship (VCPR) with the vet you speak to virtually, they will be unable to diagnose or prescribe medication. A VCPR usually needs to be established by your pet being examined by a veterinarian in person, although some states allow it to be established remotely.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Does Pet Insurance Cover Virtual Vet Visits?

Some pet insurers cover virtual vet visits or calls to a vet to discuss issues. There’s no doubt that they can save money and time for caregivers and veterinarians. The companies also want to optimize costs. We suggest checking the details of these exams before scheduling one. Take advantage of these savings if they are applicable.

Can Vets Prescribe Medications During a Virtual Exam?

This depends, as state laws vary. Some online vet clinics can prescribe medications, while others can’t. We suggest checking ahead of time if this is possible in your state and with the clinic.

What Do Virtual Vet Visits Cost?

The cost varies with the service. However, they are typically less expensive since the vet doesn’t have to rely on support personnel like techs and receptionists. You may find limits on the number of visits. In some situations, they may not replace an in-person exam, which may negate any savings.

Conclusion

Virtual vet visits are an excellent time-saver for situations where they can help with pet issues. They prevent stress from a car ride to the clinic and allow the vet to observe normal pet behavior. That’s a problem with cats especially, making this option a godsend in some cases. However, limitations exist. They involve the nature of the issues and state regulations. Nevertheless, they benefit pet owners and their felines in many cases.

See also:

• How to Get a Vet Prescription Online: 9 Steps & What to Expect
• How to Save Time at the Vet? 11 Vet Approved Tips for Being Efficient at the Vet

Featured Image Credit: Katcha_Natsarin, Shutterstock

The post Virtual Vet Visits: What to Expect & FAQ (Vet Verified) by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

You can’t help but notice a Sphynx cat. The large ears and almond-shaped eyes command your attention. It’s no wonder that they are the 10th most popular breed! Of course, the kitty’s outgoing and energetic personality also helps endear them to pet owners. One question many people consider when deciding on an animal companion is their lifespan. After all, we get attached to our pets, and we want them around for as long as possible. So, how long does this hairless cat breed live? In general, Sphynx cats have an average lifespan of 8-14 years.

Sphynx Average Lifespan

It is commonly reported that the Sphynx cat can live 8 to 14 years or more with proper care and healthy genes. We found however that there is little peer reviewed scientific data on their average lifespan. Unfortunately though, one UK based study found that the Sphinx had the lowest lifespan of all breeds analyzed, with a life expectancy of only 6.68 years (compared to the overall average of all cats of 11.94 years).¹ Many factors can influence an animal’s lifespan, including domestic cats. Let’s consider some of the most significant considerations.

How to Care for Your Sphynx for a Long Lifespan

All cats are unique, and the Sphynx, being a hairless breed, requires a bit more care than some other breeds.

Feeding & Diet

The Sphynx is an active cat and requires a high-quality diet that gives them all the energy they need. It is best to feed your cat a food that is complete and balanced and meets the AAFCO nutritional guidelines for their specific life stage. This will provide them with all the nutrients and vitamins that they need to thrive. However, it’s good to note that a food with omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids will help maintain your hairless cat’s skin health.

To prevent them from getting bored, it might be wise to offer your cat their meals via food puzzles, lick mats, or foraging in your home. Offering several small meals throughout the day is ideal, as free-feeding them can lead to obesity.

Sphynx cats are also reported to have higher metabolisms than other breeds due to their need to regulate their body temperature without fur to keep them warm. While the feeding guideline on the food’s packaging is a good guideline, it’s best to ask your vet for advice about portion sizes for your Sphynx.

Grooming

While you might think that Sphynx cats require less maintenance because they don’t have long fur, you’d be incorrect. These cats actually require quite a bit of upkeep.

For starters, these cats require regular baths, although you also can’t overdo it because their skin will dry out and become irritated. You should avoid any shampoos with harsh scents or ingredients that could dry their skin out. Always look for a shampoo specifically formulated for cats. To prevent ear infections, be sure to check your Sphynx’s large ears regularly for dirt and wax buildup. Clean them with a cat ear cleaning solution and soft cotton ball or pad when needed—never use Q-tips, as this could push the debris further into the ear.

Sphynx cats are prone to dental disease so regular tooth brushing at home with a cat-friendly toothpaste is advisable.

Due to their lack of fur, they should be indoor-only cats. If you do happen to allow them outside, you’ll need to dress them in a UV-blocking shirt or pet-safe sunscreen to prevent sunburn. They might also get chilly, so you’ll need to consider getting them a couple of cat sweaters to stay warm.

Healthcare

Knowing what health issues a Sphynx can be at risk of helps you keep your feline as healthy and happy for as long as possible. Let’s have a look at some of these common issues, and if anything can be done to prevent them.

Skin conditions

As we touched on above, the lack of hair and the protection it provides puts the Sphynx at increased risk of skin problems. Because there is no hair to distribute sebaceous gland secretions, oil can build up on their skin and around their nail beds, meaning they need to be bathed regularly to prevent secondary bacterial and yeast skin infections.

Heart Disease

Genetics plays a role in the Sphynx’s risk of heart disease, primarily hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and mitral valve dysplasia (MVD). This breed has a greater chance of inheriting these cardiovascular conditions, which, of course, can impact the animal’s lifespan. HCM describes the abnormal thickening of the heart muscle. It can lead to congestive heart failure, blood clots, and in a small percentage of cats, sudden death.

In predisposed breeds such as the Sphynx, annual screening with echocardiograms is usually recommended as HCM develops over time, it is most often diagnosed in middle aged cats. A genetic test for HCM is also available and responsible breeders will screen their breeding felines to reduce the risk of offspring developing this condition.

MVD is a condition affecting this heart valve. It can also lead to congestive heart failure.

Hereditary Myopathy

This is also a genetic disorder which the Sphynx can inherit. It also affects the Devon Rex, whose lineage was used to develop the Sphynx. It causes generalized muscle weakness due to a defect in the mechanism by which signals from nerves are transmitted to the muscles. Signs usually become apparent between 3 weeks and 6 months of age. It is an autosomal recessive trait meaning that two copies of the gene must be present for this disease to develop. To reduce the prevalence of this disorder, screening using DNA tests is recommended for cats that may be bred from.

Urinary Stones

Another health concern to be aware of in the Sphynx is a greater propensity for urinary stones or uroliths, a risk shared with the Bengal and Ragdoll, among other feline breeds.

Our aim isn’t to frighten you about the longevity of this cat. Instead, it underscores the importance of choosing a reputable seller. These individuals will share screening information readily with you. Beware of any breeder who won’t provide testing results or let you see your kitty’s mother and littermates. You should also stick with sellers who offer a health guarantee.

Many animals with genetic disorders, like HCM, don’t show clinical signs right away. A guarantee protects you. It’s worth noting that your vet may recommend continued monitoring of your cat’s health for some of these conditions. Early detection can improve your pet’s quality of life and extend their lifespan.

The Life Stages of a Sphynx

The life stages of a Sphynx are roughly the same as any other cat.

How to Tell Your Sphynx’s Age

It can be hard to tell how old a cat is, regardless of the breed. However, vets will look at a few key indicators, such as the condition of their teeth and coat, their grooming habits and their eyes to give some clues as to their age.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Do Sphynx Cats Require Lots of Extra Care?

The Sphynx requires extra care primarily relating to their lack of fur. As we covered above this includes regular baths, ear and teeth cleanings, and ensuring UV protection. This kitty is energetic and curious, making enrichment and mental stimulation also critical for their well-being.

Are Sphynx Cats Hypoallergenic?

Having little hair isn’t the same thing as the kitty being hypoallergenic. Unfortunately, it remains only a concept and is not a reality. The fur isn’t the issue, but rather, it’s a protein found in the animal’s saliva and skin. So while the lack of shed fur reduces the spread of allergens around your home, if you’re allergic to cats, getting a Sphynx isn’t necessarily going to solve the problem. On the positive side, you’ll get a pet that doesn’t shed much!

Is There Anything I Can Do as a Pet Owner to Prevent Heart Disease?

The heart diseases we referenced usually have a genetic component. The pre-breeding health screenings by the breeder can help prevent its occurrence. You should monitor your cat’s weight to prevent obesity, which can adversely affect the animal’s cardiovascular system.

Conclusion

The Sphynx Cat is a unique animal with an outgoing personality that is sure to get your attention. As with most other purebred cats, they are prone to certain genetic health conditions that can reduce their lifespan. Luckily, breeders have tools to screen their animals and help prevent many from being passed on to their kittens.

A Sphynx can provide you with years of enjoyment and unconditional love. However, regular veterinary care and recommended health screenings are essential. It’s part of your responsibility as a pet owner.

• See also: Black Sphynx Cat

Featured Image Credit: New Africa, Shutterstock

The post How Long Do Sphynx Cats Live? Vet Reviewed Lifespan, Care Tips & FAQ by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.