Going to the vet’s office isn’t much different than seeing your doctor. You want to make the most out of your time with minimal hassle. Your veterinarian also wants to use their time effectively to help you and your animal with the problem at hand.  After all, taking your cat to the clinic is never easy. Cats often find the whole process of visiting the vet very stressful, so being as efficient as you can and being prepared for your trip can make a big difference.

Cats don’t always make it easy for their owners. They are masters at hiding signs of being unwell which often means that cats are really quite sick by the time their owners realize there is a problem.  We’ve put together some tips for keeping your vet visit as smooth and efficient as possible so that you get the information you need and your cat gets the treatment they need.

The 11 Tips for Being Efficient at the Vet’s Office

1. Not Everything Warrants a Physical Trip to the Vet

Throughout your cat’s life, they should visit the vet for an annual exam to update vaccinations and do any necessary health tests. An in-person visit is essential for this. However, every cat owner understands the stress their feline companions experience when going to the clinic. So, it’s helpful to know that not all trips warrant a physical trip to the vet. Thankfully, teletriage sites like PangoVet exist, where you can schedule an online meeting with a veterinarian. This can be extremely helpful when you have minor questions about, for example, your cat’s behavior, but it can also be useful in deciding if your cat’s problem warrants an in-person vet visit or not.

It’s worth noting that online virtual exams aren’t a substitute for an in-person visit, but in some cases they are very useful. If your cat requires hospitalization or surgery, is experiencing a medical emergency or requires tests, you will need to take them to your vet (or an emergency clinic), but for basic questions about your animal, sites such as PangoVet can be extremely useful.  Remember that in most countries and states, your animal will have to be “under the care” of a veterinarian for them to be prescribed medications.  This means your pet has to have been seen by the vet, in person, within the last 6 months.  Nevertheless, virtual exams can offer a viable option for veterinary advice in some cases.

Speak To a Vet Online From the Comfort of Your Couch!

If you need to speak with a vet but can’t get to one, head over to PangoVet. It’s an online service where you can talk to a vet online and get the personalized advice you need for your pet — all at an affordable price!

Click to Speak With a Vet

2. Make a List of Your Cat’s Signs

Your vet uses your observations of your cat to help signpost what might be going on. Your veterinarian is at a disadvantage when you bring your pet to the clinic because your cat undoubtedly acts differently away from home. Their stress is in overdrive. Therefore, the information you can provide your vet is critical. Many signs are non-specific, such as loss of appetite or lethargy, but they help your vet begin to build up a clinical picture with valuable details.

Besides, you know what’s normal and abnormal for your kitty. Write your concerns down to give your vet as much info as possible. It will save time at the vet and will ensure you don’t miss any of the details.  Having all the details from the start will help your vet reach a diagnosis and treat your pet faster.

3. Anticipate the Questions Your Vet May Have

Appetite, activity level, and litter box habits are things your vet will undoubtedly ask you to detail. Make their job more efficient by having the answers ready. Anticipate other questions based on the complaint. If your cat is vomiting, note how often and the consistency. If your cat loses their appetite, notice how long it’s been going on and whether they eat at all or just their favorite foods.

4. Write Down Your Questions

You undoubtedly have questions and concerns. Do yourself a favor and write them down so that you don’t forget anything important. Remember that you have your vet’s undivided attention during your appointment. Get the most out of your time. No question is silly. It’s better to get all the facts so that you understand what is wrong with your cat and the plan to make things better.

5. Gather Any Necessary Medical Records and Medications

Your vet needs the complete picture to understand what is going on. Ensure you have your cat’s vaccination record, and if your cat takes any medication, ensure that you know which medication, how much and how often they take it. If this is your first visit to a new vet, it is worth calling the practice ahead of your appointment to make sure they have received your cat’s medical history from your previous vet’s office.

6. Get Your Cat Used to the Carrier Before Going to Your Appointment

You’ll need to transport your cat to the veterinary clinic in a carrier.  As a general rule, cats are highly suspicious of cat carriers, and the best way to reduce this suspicion is by getting your cat used to the carrier ahead of needing it.  Have your cat carrier in the living room so that your kitty can sniff and investigate it on their own time. Feed your cat treats in the carrier on a normal day so that they start to find the carrier less stressful.  When you are planning to put your cat into the carrier to transport them to the vet clinic, we suggest putting something that has your cat’s scent on it, like a favorite blanket or towel inside it to make it seem more familiar. There are even pheromone sprays that can help your kitty relax more easily.

7. Purchase a Good Quality Cat Carrier

Cat carriers come in all shapes and sizes.  Ensure you have a cat carrier that is large enough for your cat and that is made of hard plastic, as these are much more secure.  Carriers that have a removable lid are ideal so that your cat can be examined while remaining in the comfort of their box.  Being able to remove the lid also means that a frightened cat doesn’t have to be dragged out of the door of the carrier for their examination.

8. Allow Your Cat to Use the Litter Box Before You Go

Give your kitty time to use the litter box before your appointment. Your cat may soil the carrier, making it unpleasant and more time consuming for everyone. Remember that felines are clean animals, so sitting in a dirty carrier is undoubtedly uncomfortable and unsettling to them. Giving your cat time to use the litter tray before they go into the cat carrier can help avoid this situation.

9. Consider Using a Pheromone Spray

Cats in general don’t like being out of their routine, and they certainly don’t like going in a car.  The noise, the smell and the unpredictability of the situation makes a cat very unsettled. One study found that using a synthetic feline facial pheromone product can reduce stress during transport. This can mean that your cat arrives at the vet’s practice in a more relaxed state, which in turn can help your vet carry out a useful clinical examination.  Cats that arrive at the vet’s practice in an already stressed state can be much more difficult to handle.

10. Complete Any Online Forms Ahead of Time

If your vet has an app or online system, check out the site for any forms you may need to complete before your visit. Some clinics ask clients to fill out forms before annual exams to ensure their records are up to date. You can save a lot of time by completing them before your appointment and having hard copies ready if necessary. The administrative staff will appreciate your efficiency.

11. Arrive Early for Your Pet’s Appointment

The administrative staff strives to schedule appointments with enough time based on the issue. That may mean little leeway between time slots. Get the most out of your allotted time by arriving a few minutes early for your appointment. This will allow your cat to acclimatize a little before their consultation starts.  If there is time, vets often like to give cats time alone in an exam room to settle down after the ride to the clinic, so take advantage of it.

Final Thoughts

Being prepared before a vet trip can really improve efficiency and allow your vet to do their job as well as they can.  While you can’t remove the disruption and discomfort to your cat entirely, you can make the process go as quickly and efficiently as possible with simple measures. Some optimize your vet’s time by providing information and anticipating questions. Others prepare your kitty for the ordeal. All make the best of an unpleasant situation.

Featured Image Credit: Stock-Asso, Shutterstock

The post How to Save Time at the Vet? 11 Vet Approved Tips for Being Efficient at the Vet by Chris Dinesen Rogers appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Hi, I’m Christopher! Read my introduction to learn more about me and my silly Russian Blue cat, Olga.

I didn’t have a boring life before adopting Olga, but she has entertained me for almost eight years. When studying cat behavior, we often connect their actions to instincts. Their aversion to water is attributed to their desert origins, and their fondness for playing with toys is related to their predatory instincts, but is their sense of humor instinctual?

Comedic Cats

I think most felines have a sense of humor, and it’s hard to argue that they don’t appreciate physical comedy. Olga doesn’t laugh or smile, but she gets a kick out of knocking my glasses off the shelf above my bed, especially if they land on my face. She attacks inanimate objects when she’s hungry and wants attention, but sometimes, she does it for entertainment.

The other day, she was sitting in my lap, half asleep, while I was working on the computer. She lazily stretched her left paw out and pushed a pen off my desk. Irritating me isn’t instinctual, but Olga is amused by it and enjoys laughing (internally) at my expense. She wouldn’t be the same cat without her sense of humor, and I probably wouldn’t enjoy living with her.

Slamming Doors

Erratic behavior isn’t unusual in cats, but until I adopted Olga, I didn’t think opening and slamming doors was a source of feline entertainment. She loves squeezing her body into the narrow gap between the door and wall, standing on her hind legs, and pushing the door closed with her front legs. She can grab the door handle and pull the door open, but she struggles sometimes.

She screams if she cannot open the door and increases the volume if I ignore her. When I open the door, she howls at me and runs away. Most cats don’t like trapping themselves in a room. After the first experience, they’re unlikely to repeat it, but Olga is a goofball. She’ll wait a few minutes before running into another room and slamming the door.

If I play a joke on her and lock the door, she’ll scratch the carpet by the door and whine. After I ignore her, she’ll start ramming the door. She’s a little cat but sounds like a bull or a battering ram. Although her cries sound urgent, and she looks upset when the door opens, she doesn’t relent and finds another door to attack. Her behavior isn’t instinctual, and she wouldn’t repeatedly slam the door if it didn’t amuse her.

Sources of Amusement

As young kittens, cats are entertained by their siblings and parents and eventually by their owners. If they live in a shelter, they lose their sense of humor unless they’re adopted. Feral cats probably aren’t as concerned about entertainment since they’re often in pain from injuries and disease, but at least those living in colonies can bask in their communal despair.

Cats like Olga are lucky they can experience joy and humor. We are the primary source of comedy for our cats, and without us, they would revert to being humorless predators.

The post Do Cats Have a Sense of Humor: Olga’s Comedic Ways by Christopher Bays appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Hi, I’m Dr. Karyn! Read my introduction to learn more about me and meet my five hilarious cats: Clutch, Cyril, Alex, Zelda, and Zazzles.

Disclaimer: The images used in this article are to demonstrate scruff-holding. The cats in the images have been handled carefully, spoiled rottenly, and given ridiculous amounts of chicken for agreeing to pose for me. They were given space and opportunity to leave whenever they had enough, and their welfare remains my top priority.

It wasn’t all that long ago that it was commonplace to see cats held, restrained, even carried by the scruff of their neck. We would see mother cats carrying their kittens in this way, so how could it possibly be harmful? And for the most part, our cats didn’t seem to mind…or did they?

In recent years, animal behaviorists have come to realize that rather than making them feel calm and relaxed, picking a cat up by the scruff may actually trigger feelings of fear, stress, and helplessness, resulting in the floppy reaction we often see. Sure, this might make them easier to handle, but does that make it okay?

There are a number of movements and organizations aiming to minimize or stop the use of the scruff hold in veterinary practice, and while this is an admirable goal, it is not always realistic or practical. Some animal workers have vowed to never scruff a cat, no matter the circumstances, which I often found challenging in practice. Even the International Cat Care organization acknowledges that using a scruff hold to restrain a cat is sometimes necessary, as described in their Scruff Free Campaign Pledge:

“International Cat Care’s ‘scruff-free’ campaign is focused on avoiding the routine use of scruffing as a means of restraining a cat, which unfortunately is still practised all too frequently. Our campaign refers specifically to the routine use of scruffing when handling cats. There may be exceptional circumstances in which there is a real and imminent risk of injury to a person where very brief heavy restraint, such as scruffing, may be necessary. However, these occasions should be rare and exceptional, never ever routine.”

What I often found frustrating was when I needed to quickly and safely perform a procedure, give an injection, or examine an injury on a fractious, aggressive cat, and my supporting staff would flat-out refuse to use a scruff hold. This would inevitably result in a more protracted, stressful, and dangerous approach to a problem that could have easily been addressed by briefly applying an effective form of restraint.

So although it may not be popular, I strongly believe that, in certain circumstances, a scruff hold is the best and safest form of restraint.

The Lesser of Two Evils

I don’t necessarily believe that ‘the ends justifies the means’ when it comes to scruffing a cat, but I do believe that it is sometimes the ‘lesser of two evils’. Yes, scruffing a cat may be an unpleasant cause of stress, discomfort, and helplessness for a cat, but if the alternative means:

• Getting the cat back in the following day after being given a sedative at home
• Spending more time trying to towel wrap an already-distressed feline
• Risking injury to cat or human
• Using sedatives or general anesthetic for something that should take less than 30 seconds
• Costing an owner hundreds of dollars to remove a thorn, remove a loose claw, or remove a small patch of matted fur
• I will choose the option that causes the least amount of distress to all involved. And sometimes, that means I scruff.

When Is Scruffing Okay?

Rather than have a blanket rule of ‘no scruffing, ever’, I would much rather have some guidelines laid out so that people know when scruffing is and isn’t appropriate, and how to safely scruff hold a cat. So that’s what I’m going to do.

How To Correctly Scruff Hold A Cat

If you are not confident and swift in your approach, you are unlikely to be successful, so make sure that you are ready to hold your cat firmly, and ensure you have your next step already planned.

If possible, start by rubbing the cat’s scruff. This avoids startling them by just grabbing the scruff, and allows you to assess whether or not they are particularly sensitive in this area. If the cat resents being touched over their neck or shoulders, you should not attempt the scruff hold, as this will only make the situation worse.

For the scruff-hold to be effective, you need to have a firm grip of a handful of the scruff – do not pinch the skin, or just pick up a tiny section. This will be more painful, and will not give you any control.

There are three main positions you will then need:

The carry: Never lift a cat by the scruff without placing a hand under their chest or behind their bottom. If you can do so safely, cradle them against your body to give them some extra security.

The hold: This is when you are restraining the cat to allow someone to do or check something quickly or safely. Keep the head out of the way of the other person, and use your other hand to secure the front legs at the level of the elbow.

The medicate: Ideally, this should also be a 2-person maneuver, with the second person keeping the front legs from getting involved. Use your non-dominant hand to hold the scruff and tilt the head back as far as possible. This will make it easier to pull the lower jaw down and administer the medication.

This method of medicating a cat should only be used for short-term or one-off treatments. If your cat is on long-term medication, scruffing them on a daily basis will only reinforce their resentment towards being medicated, so you need to find an alternative method.

Sometimes I Scruff

Not everyone will agree with me, and that’s okay. But I do think that sometimes we can cause more stress and harm by avoiding the scruff hold, when briefly using this unpopular technique is actually the best method.

I absolutely agree that it should not be used often, or to carry out lengthy procedures, but I do think that it is more practical and realistic to say avoid using the scruff hold, rather than saying never.

The post Sometimes I Scruff: Thoughts On a Controversial But Practical Technique by Dr. Karyn Kanowski BVSc MRCVS (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Hi, I’m Dr. Lauren! Read my introduction to learn more about me and my two adventurous cats, Pancake and Tiller.

On a recent hike/scramble up one of the tallest regional mountains, it was not exactly what I expected. But the first rule of the mountains is to expect the unexpected. And, to be fair, it was generally a wonderful experience.

It’s a great day, out in nature, with the elements. Being outdoors has been shown to improve blood pressure, mood, and generally be stress relieving. What’s not to enjoy?

But, too, the mountains can be unforgiving. Even a short hike can turn deadly. A lack of preparation can turn a day outing into something that quickly becomes all too real if weather conditions change, or a member of the group injures themselves. And that’s just for humans. But what about pets? Where do they fit into this equation?

Adventure Calls!

As more and more people are jumping onto social trends and getting their adventure cats and adventure pups outside, in many ways, it is to be applauded. The bond that is created, not to mention the exercise, are all very positive items that arise from getting your pet out and about. As a vet, I also have a secret evil pleasure in seeing the stigma of cats being indoor-only pets, or homebodies, absolutely vanquished.

But this recent hike really got me thinking: what are the limits on what we should ask pets to endure? In particular, this hike involved technical scrambles, white-out conditions, winds 50+ knots, and near-freezing temperatures. And did I mention the rain? The absolutely bone-chilling, strength-zapping, wind-driven rain? And if it is all for a social media image, or worse, pure ignorance of the severity of the conditions, why take the risk? We all love our pets, but surely that also means knowing when to say no, as well.

Know Your Limits

To put it bluntly, about 30 minutes from the summit, we encountered multiple adults and children literally yelling, sobbing, or both, that they could not go on. The conditions had taken their toll. These people were done, defeated. They knew their limits, and they were drawing the line in the sand. Yet, the number of animals I saw, going up the mountain, seemed unreal. Certainly a small number seemed to be enjoying the rather blustery outing. But most dogs looked wary, and uncertain, if not outright terrorized.

I get it, we love them. They are family. But just as not all people should be hiking tough climbs, nor should all animals. Pad cuts, dehydration, injuries- were these people prepared for first aid for their pets? Many barely had waterproofs and themselves were soaked through, looked miserable, and were ardently complaining. If that had been the prep they’d done for themselves, you had to wonder: what failsafes did they have for their pet?

Avoid the Risk

Just as we do a mountain risk assessment with ourselves, I strongly advocate that we need to do the same for our pets before we head outdoors. Even the risk they present to others—I saw more than one dog attempting to get away from the winds that could possibly blow them over the edge, and almost trip a number of hikers with their leash in the process. The decision to take these pets up a mountain in inclement weather was now putting multiple lives at risk.

In my opinion, very few, if any, pets (feline or otherwise) belong on a mountain. Instagram may make it look lovely, but the reality can be harsh, and both human and animal lives can be put at risk.

The post Please Don’t Force Your Cat Up a Mountain by Dr. Lauren Demos DVM (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Veterinarians, vet technicians, practice managers, rescuers, behaviorists, nutritionists, trainers, volunteers, and other animal professionals are the backbone of pet ownership. Helping pets and their families live in harmony and health together.

Catster wants to highlight some of these underrated champions of the animal world—who we like to refer to as Heroes of The Pet World.

We will interview some of the most inspiring vet clinics, animal hospitals, animal shelters, and rehabilitation organizations around the world to share all the wonderful and oftentimes harsh experiences they face while working to help, heal, guide, revitalize, and protect our furry family members.

These are the stories of unsung animal superheroes!

Meet Professor Chris Tan, a Specialist in Surgery at SASH Alexandria and Hospital Director.

Mission

In your own words, what is the Small Animal Specialist Hospital’s mission and purpose?

SASH’s mission is to help pets and their families live their best life. This is achieved through our unique combination of multidisciplinary 24/7 emergency and specialist veterinary care, world-class facilities and total commitment to our patients and their families.

What is your individual mission or goal, as a vet professional and as a person?

I am passionate about all areas of veterinary surgery, especially orthopaedics and education. My goal is to develop the next generation of highly skilled specialist surgeons in Australia and across the world and to improve patient outcomes.

Day-to-Day Experience

What is it like being a vet professional in Australia and at the Small Animal Specialist Hospital?

Being a vet is something that I had always wanted to do and brings new challenges everyday. There is nothing quite like the feeling of seeing sick or injured patients being returned to their owners after making a full recovery. Here at SASH I feel very lucky to work alongside experts in a wide range of disciplines. So I feel comfortable that we are always providing the highest level of care possible.

How big is your team?

The SASH Alexandria team is almost 100 people strong. This includes our amazing veterinarians, nurses, client services, and support team members who work around the clock to make sure the hospital runs seamlessly.

Do you have staffing shortages and how do you deal with them?

In general the veterinary industry in Australia, and many parts of the world is experiencing staff shortages. However, we are fortunate at SASH Alexandria to be in a very strong position. We find that many talented people within the vet industry choose to work for SASH because of our reputation and proven track record of high quality of veterinary care.

How many animals on average do you help on a weekly basis?

We see between 100 and 200 cases per week at SASH Alexandria.

Challenges & Rewards

What is the hardest part of your job? How do you handle euthanasia and patient loss?

The hardest part of my job is balancing my busy schedule of being a Specialist Surgeon while also providing leadership, as Hospital Co-Director to an exceptionally high performing team. Euthanasia and patient loss is never easy. However, I am thankful that as a surgeon, outcomes in my field are generally positive.

What are some of the biggest challenges that your organization faces?

For a relatively new hospital like SASH Alexandria, our biggest challenge is awareness of our services. Lots of local pet owners don’t know we’re here 24/7.

What is the most rewarding part of doing what you guys do?

The most rewarding part of my job is sending home a mended patient to their loving family. We’re really fortunate to be able to work with some of the loveliest and very dedicated owners.

Future

What are SASH’s main goals for the future?

One of our goals is to always innovate and focus on ways to improve patient outcomes. This means investing in our people, facilities, and looking for opportunities for

How can the general public help make your lives easier?

We always recommend making sure your pet gets veterinary treatment in a timely manner. Delaying veterinarian care can be problematic, especially if you notice something isn’t quite right. Regular check ups with your local veterinarian are essential for picking up any issues that may be present and for keeping your pet up-to-date with preventative health. If you are concerned about something after-hours, a 24/7 facility like SASH Alexandria is always available to see your pet.

Stories

What are some of the funniest or most outrageous pet names you’ve encountered?

One day we had a “Harry Potter” and “Hagrid” in the hospital with us at the same time so it felt more like Hogwarts!

How to Support

If someone wants to visit, join, support, or volunteer at the SASH Australia, where can they find more information and get in touch?

If anyone needs emergency or specialist veterinary services, we are open 24/7, 365 days of the year. Our contact details can be found on www.sashvets.com. There, they can also find information about career opportunities within SASH.

Anything else you’d like to tell the pet community?

SASH Alexandria has been growing its services and offerings greatly since we first opened in 2023. We are now proud to offer 24/7 emergency & critical care, surgery, internal medicine, dermatology, oncology, and reproduction. Please feel free to get in touch if you would like to find out more about any of these specialist veterinary services.

The post Small Animal Specialist Hospital (SASH) Vets Australia: Heroes of The Pet World by Catster Editorial Team appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

We often think of cancer as a lump or bump that pops up somewhere on our cat’s body. We can typically see and feel it. However, with bone marrow cancer in cats, there often isn’t anything to look at. Instead, we have to rely on other signs that can look similar to those of other kitty illnesses. This makes bone marrow cancer difficult to deal with. Fortunately, the more you understand it as an owner, the sooner you can seek veterinary care and improve the outcome for your feline friend.

What Is Bone Marrow Cancer in Cats?

Bone marrow is the spongy interior of bone, encased by the hard mineralized exterior. It’s rather spectacular because it’s basically the manufacturing site of blood. Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets are made and released in bone marrow, all with vital functions in the body. Bone marrow cancer in cats occurs when cancer cells decide to settle in the bone marrow, disrupting the normal flow that provides these necessary blood cells. Sometimes, certain types are overproduced so there is an imbalance in the number of all blood cells produced, or abnormal blood cells that don’t function properly are produced. Either way, it means bad news for all the functions of the body that rely on blood cells to perform.

Bone marrow cancer takes a few different forms in cats, including multiple myeloma, lymphoma, and metastatic cancers that have traveled from other parts of the body and found refuge in the bone marrow. All these types can produce similar signs.

What Are the Signs of Bone Marrow Cancer in Cats?

Rather than a direct lump or bump, bone marrow cancer can produce rather vague signs that could be indicative of several illnesses. These signs may include:

Your cat may also have a history of frequent infections, you may notice a lump or two in other areas of the body, and they may show pain by vocalizing more, hiding more, and not wanting to move as often or be touched.

What Are the Causes of Bone Marrow Cancer in Cats?

Fortunately, bone marrow cancer in cats is relatively rare. Unfortunately, we can’t point fingers at a specific cause. Instead, bone marrow cancer appears to be caused by the same things that cause other types of cancer, including genetics, exposure to chemicals and irritants like smoke and toxins, and other illnesses.

Infections with feline leukemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus may also increase a cat’s chances of developing bone marrow cancer and other blood abnormalities due to the factors associated with any other type of cancer, including UV exposure and certain vaccines, as these can metastasize to the bone marrow.

To do your best to prevent bone cancer in cats, be sure your kitty is up to date on vaccinations, avoids mingling with sick cats, and is exposed to the least amount of environmental toxins possible. Regular veterinary care can also play a role, as your vet can help monitor your cat’s health in ways that you won’t be able to at home in order to hopefully catch any illnesses before they become big problems.

Speak To a Vet Online From the Comfort of Your Couch!

If you need to speak with a vet but can’t get to one, head over to PangoVet. It’s an online service where you can talk to a vet online and get the personalized advice you need for your pet — all at an affordable price!

Click to Speak With a Vet

How Is Bone Marrow Cancer in Cats Diagnosed?

You will likely notice that your kitty is acting strangely, so you may decide to monitor them for a few days and then bring them to the vet for the reason that they’re just not acting right. Maybe you’ve seen a change in appetite or energy level or even weight loss, or perhaps their frequent illnesses have you worried. Either way, bone marrow cancer likely isn’t the first issue that comes to mind.

It probably isn’t the first issue on your vet’s mind either, so they’ll have to rule out other causes of the signs that you’re seeing by doing a thorough exam, asking you questions, and running tests. Blood work may reveal abnormalities in the blood cells, including differences in sizes, shapes, and numbers. It will also give them insight into how your cat’s organs are functioning. An X-ray may be taken to check bone structure and to look for tumors in other areas. Ultrasound may be helpful for this too.

If the results of these tests put your veterinarian on the bone marrow cancer track, they may perform a urinalysis to check for Bence-Jones proteins, which can be indicative of bone marrow cancer. From there, a sample is necessary for a definitive diagnosis.

How Do I Care for a Cat With Bone Marrow Cancer?

In many cases, bone marrow cancer may not be able to be cured. Treatment is aimed at making your kitty feel as comfortable as possible and prolonging their quality of life. How your vet goes about this will depend on the type of bone marrow cancer your cat has, their overall health, and whether the cancer has spread.

Treatment options may include surgical removal if the cancer is isolated or chemotherapy and/or radiation if it’s not. However, with these types of treatments, it’s best to weigh the outcome with the side effects.

Supportive care may also be offered in the way of corticosteroids to help suppress cancer activity, pain medications to help your cat feel better, and antibiotics to treat secondary infections due to decreased immune function. Cats may require hospitalization, especially in the early phases of treatment, to make sure that they are handling everything well and that side effects aren’t too severe.

Bone marrow cancer in cats is tough to get rid of, especially if it comes from a tumor that has metastasized. So, expect to have an in-depth conversation with your vet about your cat’s quality of life and the potential for prolonging that quality or the potential for treatments’ side effects to negatively affect it.

On the home front, whether you choose treatment or not, you’ll need to protect your cat from possible illnesses, as they will likely have a decreased ability to fight diseases. This means keeping them away from critters that haven’t been vaccinated, keeping them inside, and providing them with a high-quality diet and a safe place to rest.

You may have to get creative in order to boost your cat’s appetite, such as offering canned food or changing flavor options. Be sure your kitty is drinking water enough to prevent dehydration, and give them plenty of one-on-one time with plenty of love and affection.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What Is the Prognosis for Bone Marrow Cancer in Cats?

How long your kitty lives with bone marrow cancer will depend on several things, including the type of cancer, stage, and their overall health. It can also depend on the treatments taken and how they respond to those. While a treatment can prolong a cat’s quality of life for a little while, the long-term prognosis for bone marrow cancer is fairly poor. It’s unlikely that your cat will be completely cured of bone marrow cancer, but they can at least live a comfortable life under your care.

What Are the Early Warning Signs of Bone Marrow Cancer in Cats?

Unfortunately, there’s no specific sign of bone marrow cancer. Instead, what you’re likely to see is your kitty acting a bit off. Maybe you can’t put your finger on it directly, but you just know something is up. They may not be eating as much, maybe they’re drinking a little more, or they’re not as rambunctious as before. Perhaps they’ve taken to hiding or have started crying out more commonly. Either way, any change in your cat’s habits or behavior warrants a veterinary visit.

Conclusion

Bone marrow cancer is relatively rare in cats, and it can be difficult to diagnose early on due to its ambiguous signs. It also isn’t likely to be cured, but that doesn’t mean a cat can’t live with a high quality of life for as long as possible with treatment and supportive care. Speak to your veterinarian about any abnormal signs or behavior changes that you’re seeing in your cat in order to catch issues early and afford the best possible outcome.

Featured Image Credit: Sata Production, Shutterstock

The post Bone Marrow Cancer in Cats: Our Vet Discusses Signs, Causes & Treatment by Dr. Chyrle Bonk DVM (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Hi, I’m Christopher! Read my introduction to learn more about me and my silly Russian Blue cat, Olga.

Cats find creative ways to get our attention, but some of their techniques are more cunning than others. Although dogs are more famous for their begging skills than cats, Olga has developed a system that encourages me to feed her earlier than her usual dinnertime. It was unnecessary before I worked at home, and over the years, she’s modified her methods.

Most pet cats, even the affectionate ones, are somewhat manipulative. Their instincts influence their behavior, but their intelligence helps them discover new ways to irritate their owners. In the wild, they don’t need to beg or depend on humans for food or entertainment.

They may devise a plan to steal a rodent’s carcass from a littermate, but most felines, except those in feral colonies, are solitary hunters. Wild cats don’t need to be manipulative, but housecats have learned to prey on our emotions.

They haven’t been domesticated for as long as dogs, but the recently discovered grave of an 8-month-old cat buried next to their owner in Cyprus suggests cats have been annoying humans for nearly 10,000 years. Like her ancestors, Olga knows how to influence people and makes Dale Carnegie proud.

If she wants to sit on the windowsill, she starts by grinding her claws on the wood molding. Then, she stands on her hind legs and hits the blinds. If I don’t open the blinds and let her sit down, she escalates her attack by jamming a paw into the blind and slamming it back and forth into the wall. If I shout or tell her to stop, she backs off momentarily before resuming the mischief.

She knows I have a breaking point, and even if I chase her away from the window, she won’t relent until I pull the blinds up. Her begging routine is subtle at first, but as her hunger grows, she becomes more impatient and bolder. Her normal dinnertime is around 5 PM, but the subtle begging begins around 2:30. She wakes up from her 10th nap of the day, sits near the entrance to my office, and stares at me.

After an hour of ignoring her, she’ll move closer and sit on the windowsill since it’s to the left of my computer screen. I can see her glare in my peripheral vision when I’m typing, but I’ve learned to ignore her and avoid eye contact. She’ll grunt and stand up if I return her stare, and eventually, she’ll get tired of waiting and find other ways to grab my attention. She’ll run into the bathroom, jump in the bathtub, and howl.

I didn’t think cats were intelligent enough to understand the principles of acoustics, but Olga knows that her voice is amplified when she screams in the tub. Next, she jumps on the sink and knocks my toothpaste or contact lens case on the floor. I respect her for trying the gentle approach before resorting to violence, and while I don’t like to be manipulated by humans, I don’t mind when Olga is devious.

The post Are Cats Manipulative? Olga’s Manipulation Skills by Christopher Bays appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

A cat sneaking a taste of the turkey sandwich you accidentally left on the counter can seem harmless until you consider everything that might be in it. While many toppings like lettuce or mayo may be safe for cats to eat in moderation, mustard can cause issues especially in large amounts, making it unsuitable for your pet’s diet.

It may seem strange that an everyday meal addition like mustard can be palatable for humans but problematic for cats, but it is just one of countless examples of safe human foods that can hurt our pets. Let’s explore the extent of the issues involved in this explanation of why cats can’t eat mustard.

Why Can’t Cats Eat Mustard?

The main ingredients in most mustard types are vinegar (distilled or apple cider vinegar) and mustard seed. While both are essential in creating mustard’s distinct flavor, they can also work together to aggravate your cat’s digestive system. Add a few marginal yet highly toxic spices, including garlic and onion powder, and we have all the makings for a poor experience.

All mustard varieties contain mustard seed (often ground into mustard powder), with different types adding unique flavor and color to each mustard style. Yellow mustard seeds and powder give traditional yellow mustard its relatively mild flavor, while the most intense brown mustard seeds give brown and Dijon varieties their signature spicy kick.

Gastrointestinal Upset

Vinegar and mustard seeds in table mustard aren’t necessarily toxic to cats, but they can have adverse effects when your pet eats them in excess. Although vinegar may have some benefits, the acidity could cause an upset stomach.

Likewise, some compounds in mustard seed can promote oral and gastrointestinal issues, though mustard is unlikely to cause lasting damage. When cats eat more than a lick of mustard, it may cause immediate signs of gastroenteritis, such as:

Dry mustard powder is sometimes used to induce vomiting in pets, though it isn’t advisable. Veterinarians point out that this and many other home remedies (e.g., liquid dish soap, hot sauce) are generally contraindicated, as safer, less aggressive, and more reliable options are available. Never induce vomiting at home without supervision of a vet.

Mustard Seed Compounds

The compound that gives mustard its pungent aroma and sharp flavor is allyl isothiocyanate. Its off-putting taste is a defense mechanism to protect the plant from herbivores. Beyond mustard seed, this compound is abundant in similarly spicy plants like horseradish and wasabi.

Fortunately, mustard seed’s repellency is usually effective against many animals. Alongside the acrid taste of vinegar in mustard, the flavor typically keeps cats from eating anything more than a small taste if it doesn’t deter them entirely.

Additional Toxic Ingredients

Although many common mustard spices like turmeric and paprika won’t harm a cat, the garlic and onion powder that mustard often contains are highly toxic to cats, even in small amounts. Garlic, onion, and other Alliums are among the top toxins for cats in everyday foods.

Signs of Garlic and Onion Toxicity

Signs of garlic poisoning begin with gastroenteritis, involving vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain. The issue will then progress to oxidative damage to the cat’s red blood cells, with signs including:

Cats are roughly two to three times more prone to hemoglobin damage than other species, so it often takes less than ⅛ teaspoon of garlic powder to cause poisoning. Fortunately, a typical mustard recipe only has about ⅛–1 teaspoon of garlic powder for every few cups of mustard. Since cats often won’t have more than a few licks, they’re unlikely to ingest excessive amounts of garlic in one sitting.

Hematological damage is cumulative, though, since it takes time for bone marrow to replace the damaged red blood cells. If your cat ingests small amounts of garlic and onion daily, they are more likely to suffer damage.

What to Do If Your Cat Eats Mustard

Assess how much mustard your cat has eaten. If they only ingested a few licks, provide fresh water and monitor for signs of distress. Due to the many compounds that promote stomach upset, your cat may vomit or have diarrhea, but they will often recover quickly, typically within a few days.

If your cat eats an excessive amount and shows severe signs of distress and ongoing vomiting and diarrhea, contact your vet or a pet poison control hotline. Online cat telehealth services are also available for immediate advice, often free of charge, to help determine whether you should seek immediate medical care.

Speak To a Vet Online From the Comfort of Your Couch!

If you need to speak with a vet but can’t get to one, head over to PangoVet. It’s an online service where you can talk to a vet online and get the personalized advice you need for your pet — all at an affordable price!

Click to Speak With a Vet

Conclusion

Although your cat may have adverse effects from the vinegar and mustard seed, problems from eating mustard are unlikely to progress past temporary vomiting or diarrhea. Cats typically have little desire to eat mustard thanks to its intense aroma and flavor, so overconsumption is a rare issue. Still, it’s important to make a habit of protecting your sandwiches, hamburgers, and hot dogs, and you’ll likely never have to worry about your cat having more than they can handle.

Featured Image Credit: New Africa, Shutterstock

The post Can Cats Eat Mustard? Vet-Verified Risks & Precautions by Nicole Cosgrove appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

If you’re interested in multiple myeloma, your cat may have been recently diagnosed with this rare disease. If this is the case, we’re very sorry and understand you’ll want to know everything about the condition and what to expect moving forward.

Multiple myeloma is a cancerous disease, meaning that it’s caused by the uncontrolled growth of the cat’s own cells. As these cells proliferate, they cause harm to the vital body systems that keep your cat alive.

What Is Multiple Myeloma?

Multiple myeloma is a rare cancer originating from a type of white blood cell in the bone marrow. In healthy cats, the bone marrow contains stem cells that reproduce and mature into blood cells such as platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells. The white cells fight infection, platelets help with blood clotting, and red cells are the carrier cells for transporting oxygen around the body.

One type of white blood cell is the plasma cell, which is responsible for the production of antibodies. Cancer of this cell line within the bone marrow causes multiple myeloma. However, if plasma cells cause cancer outside the bone marrow, it is called a plasmacytoma. However, multiple myeloma can spread from the bone marrow to other organs.

The uncontrolled production of plasma cells results in excessive amounts of antibodies in the blood. Cancerous cells and the resulting antibodies can cause problems all around the body. Although cancer can originate in any bone, most arise in the spinal vertebrae.

What Are the Signs of Multiple Myeloma?

Multiple myeloma typically occurs in cats over the age of 7 and appears to have similar rates in male and female cats. Signs of multiple myeloma are generalized to start with and worsen with time. Specific signs can be related to organs being impacted by the cancer. Generally, the first non-specific signs of the problem are:

There are, however, several complications of multiple myeloma that can result in more severe signs.

What Are the Causes of Multiple Myeloma?

There has been no conclusive evidence about what causes multiple myeloma in cats. However, one study reports the occurrence of this rare condition in siblings, suggesting a possible genetic predisposition. This theory needs to be explored further but is backed up by findings in mice and humans.

Unlike other white blood cell cancers, viruses like Feline Leukemia Virus, Feline Immunodeficiency Virus, and Feline Infectious Peritonitis do not appear to be implicated in multiple myeloma.

Finally, the environment can be important. Exposure to carcinogens like exhaust fumes and other chemicals can increase the risk of cancer. One study showed people in certain professions had an increased risk of multiple myeloma.

Diagnosing Multiple Myeloma in Your Cat

If your cat shows signs of being unwell, the first step is a veterinary consultation and examination. Your vet will consider your cat’s history and the signs they’re showing to determine the next steps.

Since multiple myeloma is very rare and the initial signs are quite general, this potential diagnosis may not be the first on your vet’s list. There is a saying in medicine, “If you hear hoofbeats, think horses, not zebras,” which means that certain illnesses are more common than others.

Multiple myeloma can be diagnosed when two of the following are found:

Extensive testing is needed to reach this definitive diagnosis. Initial testing at your general practice veterinarian may include:

The results of the tests may not only diagnose your cat but also help your vet to determine their prognosis. According to one study of nine cats, the following was associated with a poor prognosis in cats with multiple myeloma:

How Do I Care for a Cat With Multiple Myeloma

Cats with multiple myeloma need veterinary care and excellent nursing care at home. At the vet, your cat may need a fluid drip to support their kidneys and rehydrate them. Fluids also help treat hyperviscosity syndrome. On diagnosis, vets will start long-term antibiotics to protect your cat against infection. They will also provide symptomatic treatment on a case-by-case basis. Many cats need pain relief, while others need more specific medication.

You will also have the option to pursue advanced cancer treatment for your cat. It’s fine not to do this based on your circumstances or beliefs. However, it could extend your cat’s life and improve their quality of life. Without it, euthanasia may need to occur sooner rather than later.

Advanced cancer treatments are generally prescribed by a veterinary oncologist. In some cases, surgery can be recommended for damage control. These specialists can develop a plan for surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy, as well as extensive follow-ups, to help your cat. Your vet will want to monitor for side effects related to treatment as well as your cat’s response to treatment. For example, a reduction in blood protein after treatment is a good sign.

Good nursing care at home is essential. While not all these interventions may be necessary for every cat with multiple myeloma, we recommend speaking to your vet about the following:

Speak To a Vet Online From the Comfort of Your Couch!

If you need to speak with a vet but can’t get to one, head over to PangoVet. It’s an online service where you can talk to a vet online and get the personalized advice you need for your pet — all at an affordable price!

Click to Speak With a Vet

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

How Long Can a Cat Live With Multiple Myeloma?

One study showed that out of eight cats receiving chemotherapy for multiple myeloma, four had a complete response, and one had a partial response. Those who responded survived for between 4 and 24 months. The average survival time with treatment is around 42–281 days. Cats that don’t receive advanced treatment or do not respond to treatment will have a shorter lifespan.

Is Bone Marrow Cancer Painful in Cats?

Bone marrow cancers like multiple myeloma can be painful, especially if they cause the bone to be eaten away or pathological fractures. These cats often need one or more pain relief medications to remain comfortable. Don’t be afraid to discuss this with your vet if your cat is in pain. In addition to the pain, these cancers can cause changes that make your cat feel generally lethargic or nauseous.

Conclusion

Multiple myeloma is a rare form of bone cancer in cats. While cats with multiple myeloma will eventually succumb to their condition, a period of remission is possible. Unfortunately, some cats don’t respond despite the best treatment, and many have highly aggressive forms of multiple myeloma. Your vet can look for signs that might indicate a poor prognosis for your cat.

When your cat is diagnosed with multiple myeloma the most important thing is their comfort and quality of life. That is why you should pamper your cat with multiple myeloma, monitor for any signs of pain or discomfort, and follow your vet’s advice.

Featured Image Credit: Kginger, Shutterstock

The post Multiple Myeloma in Cats: Our Vet Explains Signs, Causes & Treatment by Dr. Ashley Darby BVSc (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

As a cat lover, can you think of anything more awesome than a parade dedicated to cats? If I’ve already piqued your fancy by using “cat” and “parade” in the same sentence, you might want to start planning a trip to Belgium.

The Kattenstoet (which literally translates to “the Cat Parade”) occurs in a small town named Ypres on the French border of Belgium on the second Sunday of May every three years. While this beloved festival celebrates cats, it’s based on a rather horrific tradition of the townsfolk of Ypres once engaged in annually.

Read on to learn more about this unique festival, including its history and what to expect if you plan to attend in the future.

What Happens During the Festival?

The Kattenstoet parade operates much like any other parade—the participants build elaborate floats, hand-sew costumes, and put on performances. It’s not unusual to see modern depictions of cats in this history-focused festival, either. For example, there’s one particularly popular float with a humongous Garfield cat peeking out from a cardboard box.

While most of the festival is feline-focused, some aspects of the parade have nothing to do with cats. Attendees may spot knights in chainmail walking around with spears or folks dressed in medieval garb clutching pieces of fabric. This is just part of the tribute to the town’s history and humble beginnings in cloth manufacturing.

The townspeople of Ypres participate in the festival by decorating their shops with cat displays or baking cat-shaped buns or cookies.

After the parade procession, someone dressed in a jester costume tosses stuffed kitties from the belfry to the eagerly awaiting townspeople below, who hope to catch one of the plushies.

After the jester has run out of cats to toss, a mock witch-burning event occurs, in which the crowd sets a puppet witch aflame.

The festival is a popular tourist event in Belgium, bringing in thousands of visitors and strengthening the local tourism economy. Event organizers expected 50,000 spectators to come from near and far to watch the 2024 parade.

How Did the Parade Come to Be?

While the parade celebrates our adoring relationship with our cats, it wasn’t always this way in Ypres.

During the Middle Ages, the town’s primary industry was cloth making. Cloth makers would use cats to keep their warehouses free of fabric-destroying vermin. These cats were free to roam Ypres as they liked during the winter months, but when they started reproducing too quickly, the town officials realized they were in over their heads. Cats were overrunning the town, and they didn’t know what to do to address the sudden overpopulation. They soon decided it only made sense to get rid of them.

Instead of shipping them off somewhere or dealing with them humanely, they decided to toss cats from the belfry tower to their deaths. They would do this annually during the second week of Lent on a day they referred to as “Cat Wednesday.” This tradition continued for hundreds of years into the 1800s.

It’s also important to remember that, at the time, cats were associated with witchcraft and evil, so getting rid of them was much celebrated, and many looked forward to the event.

Thankfully, the last time a live cat was thrown off the belfry was in 1819.

Ypres officials decided to reignite the tradition in 1937, except they chose to toss stuffed cats from the belfry instead of real ones. The goal was to acknowledge the town’s complicated history with cats and also celebrate them. The tradition was put on the back burner during World War II but was back in full swing by 1946 when town officials added a parade to the fun.

When Is the Kattenstoet?

The Kattenstoet is typically held triennially on the second Sunday of May. The most recent festival was in May of this year, so if you’re hoping to book a trip to attend the next one, you’ll have to wait until 2027.

Final Thoughts

The Kattenstoet parade is something for cat lovers to add to their bucket list. Being surrounded by thousands of other feline-loving humans sounds like a great afternoon to me.

The festival is an excellent way for the town of Ypres to acknowledge its complicated history with cats while also recognizing how much they love and admire them today.

Featured Image Credit: Piqsels

The post Kattenstoet (The Belgian Cat Festival) : Origins & Celebration Facts by Catster Editorial Team appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.