If you’re interested in multiple myeloma, your cat may have been recently diagnosed with this rare disease. If this is the case, we’re very sorry and understand you’ll want to know everything about the condition and what to expect moving forward.

Multiple myeloma is a cancerous disease, meaning that it’s caused by the uncontrolled growth of the cat’s own cells. As these cells proliferate, they cause harm to the vital body systems that keep your cat alive.

What Is Multiple Myeloma?

Multiple myeloma is a rare cancer originating from a type of white blood cell in the bone marrow. In healthy cats, the bone marrow contains stem cells that reproduce and mature into blood cells such as platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells. The white cells fight infection, platelets help with blood clotting, and red cells are the carrier cells for transporting oxygen around the body.

One type of white blood cell is the plasma cell, which is responsible for the production of antibodies. Cancer of this cell line within the bone marrow causes multiple myeloma. However, if plasma cells cause cancer outside the bone marrow, it is called a plasmacytoma. However, multiple myeloma can spread from the bone marrow to other organs.

The uncontrolled production of plasma cells results in excessive amounts of antibodies in the blood. Cancerous cells and the resulting antibodies can cause problems all around the body. Although cancer can originate in any bone, most arise in the spinal vertebrae.

What Are the Signs of Multiple Myeloma?

Multiple myeloma typically occurs in cats over the age of 7 and appears to have similar rates in male and female cats. Signs of multiple myeloma are generalized to start with and worsen with time. Specific signs can be related to organs being impacted by the cancer. Generally, the first non-specific signs of the problem are:

There are, however, several complications of multiple myeloma that can result in more severe signs.

What Are the Causes of Multiple Myeloma?

There has been no conclusive evidence about what causes multiple myeloma in cats. However, one study reports the occurrence of this rare condition in siblings, suggesting a possible genetic predisposition. This theory needs to be explored further but is backed up by findings in mice and humans.

Unlike other white blood cell cancers, viruses like Feline Leukemia Virus, Feline Immunodeficiency Virus, and Feline Infectious Peritonitis do not appear to be implicated in multiple myeloma.

Finally, the environment can be important. Exposure to carcinogens like exhaust fumes and other chemicals can increase the risk of cancer. One study showed people in certain professions had an increased risk of multiple myeloma.

Diagnosing Multiple Myeloma in Your Cat

If your cat shows signs of being unwell, the first step is a veterinary consultation and examination. Your vet will consider your cat’s history and the signs they’re showing to determine the next steps.

Since multiple myeloma is very rare and the initial signs are quite general, this potential diagnosis may not be the first on your vet’s list. There is a saying in medicine, “If you hear hoofbeats, think horses, not zebras,” which means that certain illnesses are more common than others.

Multiple myeloma can be diagnosed when two of the following are found:

Extensive testing is needed to reach this definitive diagnosis. Initial testing at your general practice veterinarian may include:

The results of the tests may not only diagnose your cat but also help your vet to determine their prognosis. According to one study of nine cats, the following was associated with a poor prognosis in cats with multiple myeloma:

How Do I Care for a Cat With Multiple Myeloma

Cats with multiple myeloma need veterinary care and excellent nursing care at home. At the vet, your cat may need a fluid drip to support their kidneys and rehydrate them. Fluids also help treat hyperviscosity syndrome. On diagnosis, vets will start long-term antibiotics to protect your cat against infection. They will also provide symptomatic treatment on a case-by-case basis. Many cats need pain relief, while others need more specific medication.

You will also have the option to pursue advanced cancer treatment for your cat. It’s fine not to do this based on your circumstances or beliefs. However, it could extend your cat’s life and improve their quality of life. Without it, euthanasia may need to occur sooner rather than later.

Advanced cancer treatments are generally prescribed by a veterinary oncologist. In some cases, surgery can be recommended for damage control. These specialists can develop a plan for surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy, as well as extensive follow-ups, to help your cat. Your vet will want to monitor for side effects related to treatment as well as your cat’s response to treatment. For example, a reduction in blood protein after treatment is a good sign.

Good nursing care at home is essential. While not all these interventions may be necessary for every cat with multiple myeloma, we recommend speaking to your vet about the following:

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

How Long Can a Cat Live With Multiple Myeloma?

One study showed that out of eight cats receiving chemotherapy for multiple myeloma, four had a complete response, and one had a partial response. Those who responded survived for between 4 and 24 months. The average survival time with treatment is around 42–281 days. Cats that don’t receive advanced treatment or do not respond to treatment will have a shorter lifespan.

Is Bone Marrow Cancer Painful in Cats?

Bone marrow cancers like multiple myeloma can be painful, especially if they cause the bone to be eaten away or pathological fractures. These cats often need one or more pain relief medications to remain comfortable. Don’t be afraid to discuss this with your vet if your cat is in pain. In addition to the pain, these cancers can cause changes that make your cat feel generally lethargic or nauseous.

Conclusion

Multiple myeloma is a rare form of bone cancer in cats. While cats with multiple myeloma will eventually succumb to their condition, a period of remission is possible. Unfortunately, some cats don’t respond despite the best treatment, and many have highly aggressive forms of multiple myeloma. Your vet can look for signs that might indicate a poor prognosis for your cat.

When your cat is diagnosed with multiple myeloma the most important thing is their comfort and quality of life. That is why you should pamper your cat with multiple myeloma, monitor for any signs of pain or discomfort, and follow your vet’s advice.

Featured Image Credit: Kginger, Shutterstock

The post Multiple Myeloma in Cats: Our Vet Explains Signs, Causes & Treatment by Dr. Ashley Darby BVSc (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Consulting an online veterinarian is convenient and less stressful for your pet. However, if you suspect your cat has an infection and needs antibiotics, is it the right option for you? The answer is a little bit complicated since it depends on the laws in your state, the type of telehealth service you are accessing, and your cat’s illness.

The ability to prescribe medication, such as antibiotics, relies on the development of a veterinarian-client-pet-relationship as well as an accurate assessment of your cat’s health. Since this concept is very complicated when viewed through the lens of telehealth, read on to learn more about the facts and legality of this situation.

The Veterinarian-Client-Pet-Relationship

The veterinarian-client-pet relationship (VCPR) is a legal term for the agreement between a veterinarian and a pet owner, also known as the client, to provide treatment to the client’s pet. A VCPR means that vets have the right to prescribe medications and make diagnoses and the responsibility to maintain medical records. Within this framework, clients are responsible for following the vet’s instructions.

Without a VCPR, telehealth services are known as teletriage or teleadvice and are limited in what they provide. When a VCPR is established, the vet can practice telemedicine to provide a diagnosis, prescribe medication, recommend treatment, and so on.

Traditionally, a VCPR could only be established through in-person examinations. However, this area is growing and changing. We’ll review some of the complicated laws dictating a VCPR in the United States.

Speak To a Vet Online From the Comfort of Your Couch!

If you need to speak with a vet but can’t get to one, head over to PangoVet. It’s an online service where you can talk to a vet online and get the personalized advice you need for your pet — all at an affordable price!

Click to Speak With a Vet

Federal Laws

A federal VCPR can only be formed with an in-person examination, but it can be maintained electronically. A federal VCPR is needed when:

Since these scenarios are extremely common in veterinary practice, there is a high chance that the medication your cat needs will necessitate an in-person visit.

State Laws

State laws around the establishment of the VCPR are found in the state’s Veterinary Practice Act. These ever-changing regulations stipulate whether a VCPR can be established or maintained electronically. Some states allow a VCPR to be established electronically, giving their vets the right to prescribe medications through telemedicine.

There are also more state-specific rules around which medications can be prescribed, time frames for prescribing, and what constitutes a telemedicine consult. For example, a video chat may be a requirement. So, to answer your question fully, you will need to check the current Veterinary Practice Act for your state.

Other Factors That Influence Prescribing Medications

Assuming your state allows a VCPR to be established electronically, and your pet doesn’t require any medication that will necessitate a federal VCPR, there are other factors to consider. These will help determine whether your cat can get what they need from the comfort of your own home.

Platform of Services

Where you are accessing your online vet matters. For a VCPR to be established, your vet must be licensed to provide veterinary services in your state. So, if you are accessing a video chat with a vet through international websites, the chances are the service they are providing is teleadvice not telemedicine.

On the other hand, if you access a consultation with a veterinarian licensed in your state, this may fulfill the requirements for establishing a VCPR.

Animal’s Circumstances

The final factor is, of course, whether prescribing medication like antibiotics is in the animal’s best interest. If a VCPR is established, a vet must still be able to diagnose your cat’s need for antibiotics accurately.

The limitations of telemedicine are that without an in-person examination your vet can’t do the usual things like listen to your cat’s heart, take their temperature, or perform additional tests like urine analysis, blood tests, and imaging.

Therefore, in many cases, but depending on your cat’s specific circumstances, your vet may not be able to prescribe antibiotics simply because the need for antibiotics could not be established. Despite your telemedicine consultation, you may still have to take your cat to the vet.

Should I Have a Veterinary Telehealth Consult?

If you think veterinary advice without a VCPR could be useful, you can try teletriage and teleadvice services. Situations where this might be a good idea include:

Situations where establishing a virtual VCPR may be appropriate and vets may be able to prescribe treatment include:

In many cases, an in-person veterinary visit is the best thing for your pet. We strongly recommend that your cat goes to a veterinary clinic for:

Conclusion

When it comes to telehealth, there are many situations where it can be extremely helpful, with the benefit of being less expensive than traditional veterinary visits. However, when it comes to getting medication like antibiotics from online vets, many laws can restrict the vet’s ability to prescribe.

Even if the state laws are favorable, your vet may be unable to determine a need for antibiotics through a video chat and may recommend follow-up examinations or diagnostic tests. A good rule of thumb is to use telehealth where appropriate and schedule annual wellness visits to hopefully detect any problems early.

Featured Image Credit: Indypendenz, Shutterstock

The post Can Online Vets Prescribe Antibiotics? Our Vet Explains the Facts & Legality by Dr. Ashley Darby BVSc (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Your cat’s habit of preying on birds may concern you when you worry about their exposure to bird flu and if they could become sick with the virus. Unfortunately, bird flu has caused sickness in various mammals, including domestic cats. 

Bird flu has been a hot topic in the United States since the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) reported an outbreak in February 2022. For over 2 years, the influenza virus has been circulating among wild birds, poultry, and bovine herds and infected some humans. Recent reports suggest it may be on the rise, so we want to discuss the risks and how to keep your feline friend safe.

Cats Can Get Bird Flu?

Bird flu is the common name for the highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1). “Highly pathogenic” means the disease can be severe in infected animals. The virus has a strong affinity for domestic poultry, with over 100,000,000 of these birds being affected compared to 169 dairy herds, and sporadic infections in other mammals¹. Wild birds spread the virus but only sometimes show signs of illness.

There are currently 34 reported  US cases of bird flu in domestic cats, with cases in Colorado, Michigan, Minnesota, Idaho, New Mexico, Texas, South Dakota, Montana, Oklahoma, and Ohio². Cases have also occurred in other countries like Poland, South Korea, and France.

Now, this number is not high compared to the farm animal statistics, so bird flu is still considered uncommon in cats. However, more cats than people have contracted bird flu. Eating infected birds or living on a poultry or dairy farm are risk factors for your cat getting bird flu. You should pay particular attention to outbreaks in your area, as these are high-risk times for your cat.

What Are the Signs of Bird Flu in Cats?

Bird flu can present with respiratory, gastrointestinal, or neurological signs in cats. Some cases have been severe and fatal, and others mild. Immunocompromised, young, and geriatric cats may be more susceptible to severe signs of bird flu. Signs to watch out for if your cat has been exposed to bird flu include:

How to Protect Your Cat From Bird Flu

Unfortunately, there’s no feline vaccination for bird flu, and the disease can be severe if it infects your cat. The best way to keep your cat safe is to avoid contact with wild birds since even healthy birds can carry the virus. First and foremost, we recommend keeping your cat inside since it is the only surefire way to avoid contact with outside birds.

Even cats within a cat enclosure or “catio” can be exposed to wild birds or their virus-contaminated excretions. If your cat is known to hunt and you can’t keep them inside 24/7, you could train them to wear a leash and harness and take them for walks.

Avoid letting them out in peak hunting times like dawn and dusk. Try putting a bell, bird-safe collar, or bib on your cat to hinder their hunting abilities.

You can also try to keep wild birds out of your yard, but that is not foolproof. Avoid having bird feeders, baths, or water features that attract wild birds. Don’t leave any food outside, including pet food, which can attract birds looking for an easy meal.

If there are areas where birds tend to perch or forage, you can use aluminum foil or fishing wire to deter them. Predator decoys can also be very effective in keeping wild birds off your property; the sight of a snake or owl is sure to scare away little birds hoping to avoid being eaten.

If you have pet birds at home, bring them indoors if possible. Don’t let your cat have any contact with outdoor pet birds. Outdoor poultry are most likely to contract the bird flu. Wash your hands and change your clothes after interacting with your birds and their coop so you don’t spread the virus to your cat.

If your birds show signs of bird flu, such as sudden death, lethargy, respiratory signs, diarrhea, and a wobbly gait, call your veterinarian or the USDA toll-free hotline (866-536-7593).

Food safety is also important since your cat could be exposed to the virus through food. Don’t feed your cat raw poultry or bovine products, including meat, eggs, and unpasteurized milk. Cooking to 165°F will kill any virus in these products, and remember to use good hygiene so other food isn’t contaminated by these products.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can Cats Get Sick From Being Around Birds?

Being around birds and their droppings could lead to your cat being infected with bird flu. Preying on birds and eating raw bird meat can also be a source of infection in cats. Cats might also be infected by cows. Bird droppings often contain Salmonella bacteria, which can also make your cat sick.

Is a Cat With Bird Flu a Risk to Humans?

Cats present minimal risk to humans since human infections have only occurred sporadically with exposure to poultry or dairy cows. Currently, only 11 people have been confirmed to have contracted bird flu.

However, it is theoretically possible for a sick cat to infect a human, especially if you have close contact with the cat. Your cat’s saliva, urine, or feces could contain the virus if they are infected.

If you have been exposed to bird flu via your cat, monitor yourself for any signs of illness, including a sore throat, respiratory signs, eye problems, headaches, muscle aches, diarrhea, and fever.

Pay close attention to your health, especially in the first 10 days after exposure. Contact your health department if you notice any signs, and visit the CDC website for more information.

Conclusion

Disease outbreaks can be scary, not only for our health but also for that of our beloved pets. Bird flu can infect cats and people, but it only occurs sporadically. It is still considered a low threat to human health; however, since flu viruses change constantly, the CDC is monitoring the situation.

To be on the safe side, we recommend taking precautions to prevent your cat from being exposed to bird flu in the first place.

Featured Image Credit: megaflopp, Shutterstock

The post Can Cats Get Bird Flu? Our Vet Explains Signs & Prevention Tips by Dr. Ashley Darby BVSc (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

We don’t spend a lot of time looking inside our cat’s mouths, and sometimes, getting too close can mean getting bitten! That is why abnormal growths inside their mouths often go unnoticed until they are causing problems. If you’re lucky, your vet may find a growth while it’s still small during routine dental cleanings.

Regardless of how it was found, if your cat has an oral tumor, you’ll want all the information. Is the growth benign or malignant? What treatment is available? How can you keep your cat as comfortable as possible? We will discuss all this and more, so keep reading.

What Are Oral Tumors?

Oral tumors are abnormal growths inside the oral cavity. They can arise from the gums, tongue, tonsils, or other structures inside the mouth. Tumors arise from a cat’s own cells, which multiply uncontrollably due to genetic mutations.

If the tumor has the potential to spread to other areas of the body, it is considered malignant; if not, it’s considered benign. Some tumors are locally invasive, meaning they infiltrate other surrounding tissue like bone. Locally invasive tumors are more commonly malignant.

Around 90% of true oral tumors in cats will be malignant, and they are the fourth most common type of cancer in cats. Environmental carcinogens such as tobacco smoke may contribute to the development of oral tumors.

Exposure to canned food and flea collars are also possible risk factors for feline oral tumors. However, genetics and random chance play a role in cancer development.

What Are the Signs of Oral Tumors?

If your cat has an oral tumor, other than seeing a mass, you might notice signs of issues around their mouth. Oral tumors can be painful, limit normal movements, become infected, or die off, leading to signs like:

What Are the Causes of Oral Tumors

Oral tumors are caused by benign or malignant growths of a cat’s own cells. Each growth is named for the tissue it arises from and how aggressive it is. A diagnosis of the growth is obtained through a biopsy.

Benign Growths

As previously mentioned, benign oral tumors are uncommon in cats, making up only around 10% of cases. However, the most commonly noted benign growths are fibromas. Fibromas arise from the periodontal ligament, which surrounds the tooth root and holds it in place.

These growths can become large with time but are not invasive. Eosinophilic Granuloma Complex (EGC) isn’t a true growth but rather an inflammatory reaction that can lead to masses in the mouth. It is thought to be a reaction to allergens in food or on fleas and can easily be confused with an oral tumor.

Malignant Growths

These growths can metastasize, and successful surgery alone may or may not cure your cat, depending on whether the tumor has already spread. If your cat has been diagnosed with any of the following tumors, you will probably be offered a consultation with a veterinary oncologist who specializes in cancer treatment for animals.

Diagnosing Oral Tumors in Your Cat

The diagnosis of an oral tumor starts with a veterinary consult. Your vet can assess whether the tumor looks resectable (meaning it can be removed with surgery) or not, which will guide them as to the type of biopsy they will take for diagnosis.

If the mass is resectable, an excisional biopsy will be performed. The vet will surgically remove the entire mass and send it away for diagnostic testing at a veterinary laboratory. The laboratory will also determine the surgical margins.

When removing a lump, the vets aim to take a portion of healthy tissue surrounding the mass. A clean margin means no cancer cells are at the margin, which is a good sign that the lump was entirely removed.

If the mass is not resectable, you might choose to have an incisional biopsy performed, where the vet removes a small portion of the mass for diagnostic purposes. This is typically done if you want a diagnosis or are interested in a referral for further procedures, such as advanced imaging, possible extensive surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy.

How Do I Care for a Cat With an Oral Tumor?

The first step in caring for your cat is to seek veterinary help. Your veterinarian can perform diagnostics and recommend treatments that can help your cat. The best-case scenario is that the tumor is benign or can be removed through surgery.

However, to determine whether or not surgery is possible, advanced imaging, such as CT and MRI, can sometimes be needed. If a tumor involves the bone, for example, a referral to a surgeon who can remove a portion of the jaw could be required. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy could also potentially be treatment options for your cat.

If all of this sounds too expensive or impractical, don’t worry. You won’t be forced to agree to a treatment that is not right for you. There are still palliative care options that can improve your cat’s quality of life for a short time. Depending on the severity of your cat’s condition, they could live with a malignant oral tumor for weeks to months.

At-Home Care

At home, there are a few things that might help your cat, whether they are recovering from surgery or receiving palliative care.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What Is Palliative Care for Cats With Oral Cancer?

Palliative care aims to maximize your cat’s quality of life as much as possible without curing their disease. There is usually an understanding that your cat will die from the cancer.

Palliative care may be as intensive as surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy or could be as simple as controlling your cat’s pain and providing good nursing care. Medications to reduce nausea or increase appetite might also benefit cats with oral cancer.

Are Cats in Pain With Mouth Cancer?

Invasive mouth cancer is usually painful for cats. Signs of pain to look for in your cat with mouth cancer are a reluctance to eat, pawing at the mouth, reactivity when touched, and changes in behavior. Your vet can prescribe pain relief for your cat, and some cats with mouth cancer take multiple pain relief medications to remain comfortable.

When Should I Euthanize My Cat With Oral Cancer?

You should euthanize your cat when their quality of life declines despite providing all the reasonable treatment that you can. Not everyone is in the same position in terms of time and finances available, so what’s right for you may not be right for someone else.

If your cat won’t eat, is in pain, doesn’t enjoy normal activities, and doesn’t want to interact with you anymore, it’s probably time to make that final decision. If you’re unsure, discuss your situation with your vet.

Speak To a Vet Online From the Comfort of Your Couch!

If you need to speak with a vet but can’t get to one, head over to PangoVet. It’s an online service where you can talk to a vet online and get the personalized advice you need for your pet — all at an affordable price!

Click to Speak With a Vet

Final Thoughts

True oral tumors in cats are usually bad news. While a lot of what happens is outside of your control, paying attention to your cat’s oral health and getting any lumps in the mouth checked by your vet as soon as possible can improve the outcome for your cat. If your cat has an oral tumor, we wish the best for you both and hope you find some helpful information here.

Featured Image Credit: Ermolaev Alexander, Shutterstock

The post Oral Tumors in Cats: Our Vet Explains the Causes, Signs & Care by Dr. Ashley Darby BVSc (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Are you looking at your cat and noticing their belly looks swollen or slightly larger than normal? You might be wondering what is causing this change in appearance. There are several things that could be going on inside your cat’s belly. Our article will take you through these possibilities, give you signs of illness to watch out for, and let you know what to expect at the vet. We will also give you some pointers on keeping your cat healthy, although not every cause of bloating is preventable.

What Is Bloating?

Bloating is the expansion of your cat’s abdomen to a larger-than-normal size. It is a vague sign and not an illness in itself. Bloating can occur in any cat of any age. A variety of conditions can lead to the appearance of a swollen belly.

Another term used to describe bloating is “distended abdomen,” which you might hear your vet say. Some cases of bloating are serious, which is why it’s important to monitor your cat closely if they are bloated.

What Are the Signs of Bloating?

While the only consistent sign of bloating is a distended abdomen, other signs can accompany bloating depending on the underlying cause. If your cat is bloated, you should evaluate their behavior so you can give your vet an accurate description of what’s going on at home.

What Causes Bloating?

A distended abdominal appearance can be caused by something out of the ordinary going on in the abdomen. Blood or fluid can accumulate outside the organs, known as ascites. Fat or pregnancy can cause the abdomen to enlarge. Organs can also become enlarged for various reasons, causing the abdomen to look bigger than normal.

Diagnosing Bloating in Your Cat

To diagnose the cause of bloat in your cat, you must book a veterinary appointment. Some cases of bloat require emergency veterinary attention. We recommend immediately visiting the after-hours clinic if your cat has collapsed, can’t urinate, or has trouble breathing.

You may also need urgent veterinary care if your cat is at risk of becoming dehydrated, such as when they are not eating and drinking or losing a lot of fluid in vomit or diarrhea. Similarly, if your cat is lethargic, has a fever, or has pale gums, you should get them help sooner rather than later.

What to Expect at the Vet

Your vet will examine your cat, taking their temperature and palpating their abdomen. They will also ask questions about your cat to gain an understanding of their illness, lifestyle, and general history. These factors can help your vet determine which causes of bloating are more likely in your cat.

If your cat’s case is relatively straightforward, your vet might come up with a treatment plan or preliminary diagnosis based on their examination. However, they may also need further diagnostic tests to determine what is causing your cat’s illness.

Your vet will then make a treatment plan based on your cat’s diagnosis. For example, if your cat is pregnant, your vet will give instructions to help her through the birth and raising of kittens.

Your cat may need a change in diet or weight loss. They could need medications or even a hospital stay if they are unwell. Some cats may also require surgery to make a recovery. Those with cancer could go on to receive radiation or chemotherapy.

How Do I Care for a Cat With Bloating?

As you now know, many causes of bloating are serious, while others are easily treatable. That is why you should first take your cat to the vet if you are worried about a bloated abdomen. The treatment for your cat will depend on the underlying cause, and it can range from weight loss to deworming medication or even surgery.

There are a few ways to prevent some causes of bloat in your cat. This mainly involves taking excellent care of your pet.

Diet

A good quality and nutritionally balanced diet is necessary to keep your cat in top shape. Kittens need a special diet with more protein and calories to support their growth. Senior cats can also benefit from specialized diets, as can cats with certain health conditions.

For an otherwise healthy adult cat, you can choose wet or dry food or a combination of both. We recommend using brands that have meat as the first ingredient, and ideally, you should choose something with all-natural, quality ingredients. For cats with digestive or other health problems, your veterinarian can advise you about the best diet options.

Portion Control

Maintaining a healthy body condition score is essential for a cat’s health since overweight cats are more prone to joint problems, diabetes, urinary issues, and cancer¹. While exercise and play have a role in weight loss, especially in more sedentary indoor cats, feeding the appropriate number of calories is even more important.

Commercial cat foods generally come with a feeding guide, but keep in mind that this is only a guide as it doesn’t consider your cat’s metabolism, health, activity levels, weight, and other factors. That is why you may have to adjust their portions according to their weight or your vet’s recommendations.

Health Checks

Keeping your cat up to date with regular checkups can help detect problems early. During these checkups, your cat will be examined and given vaccinations as needed. Your veterinarian can also discuss health or behavioral concerns during these routine examinations.

Parasite Prevention

Parasite prevention can be obtained over the counter, but many need a veterinary prescription to purchase. Adult cats should be dewormed every 3 months, and young kittens are dewormed every 2­–4 weeks, depending on their age. In addition to intestinal worms, heartworms, fleas, ticks, and mites can be prevented using routine preventatives. They will keep your cat in good condition.

Spaying and Neutering

Spaying and neutering your cats will eliminate the possibility of an unwanted pregnancy. With so many cats and kittens waiting for homes, allowing your cat to breed is unethical unless you are a registered and responsible breeder. Spaying and neutering also prevent certain diseases, like uterine infection, ovarian cancer, and testicular cancer.

Frequently Asked Questions

What Does a Distended Abdomen Look Like in Cats?

A distended abdomen looks like a big swollen belly, much larger than its usual appearance. If the belly is filled with fluid, it can feel like a water balloon. Sometimes, the distended abdomen is firm or doughy. A vet can sometimes feel masses or kittens in a distended abdomen.

What Does a FIP Belly Feel Like?

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) typically causes fluid in the abdomen. An FIP belly is filled with fluid and feels like a water balloon. If you gently tap the belly, you can sometimes feel a fluid wave on the other side.

Why is My Cat’s Belly So Big?

Your cat’s belly could be big due to any cause of bloat. Your cat’s age, breed, history, and signs at home will help the vet gauge the likely causes of your cat’s swollen belly. If your cat shows any signs of illness, you should take them to the vet.

Conclusion

If your cat has a bloated abdomen, they are showing signs that could be related to pregnancy, weight gain, overeating, or illness. You should closely monitor your cat for any other signs and have them seen by a vet to see if they are unwell or the bloating persists. Most cases of extreme bloating require urgent veterinary attention.

Featured Image Credit: Zhuravlev Andrey, Shutterstock

The post Bloating in Cats: Our Vet Explains Causes, Signs & Care Tips by Dr. Ashley Darby BVSc (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

One common trait of cats is that they’re not known for their modesty. When your cat’s way of demanding scratches on their tail in the air grants you an up close and personal view of their rear end, you might notice it looks redder than usual. Inflammation of the anus or the skin around it can lead to this red hue. Why is it inflamed? We’ll go through a few common problems in this article.

The 8 Reasons Your Cat’s Butt Could Be Red

1. Worms

Intestinal worms infect your cat’s gastrointestinal tract, which can lead to inflammation in the intestines, straining, and diarrhea. All this can cause the anus to become irritated and inflamed. The tapeworm is a type of intestinal worm that releases egg packets that look like grains of rice.

These egg packets can stick to the anus, causing irritation. Cats should be given a broad-spectrum wormer every 3 months to prevent intestinal worms. Kittens need to be dewormed every 2 to 4 weeks, depending on their age.

2. Gastrointestinal Upset

As we mentioned, diarrhea can lead to inflammation of the anus. There are many possible reasons for your cat passing loose stools. Commonly, food intolerances, a change in diet, or eating something they shouldn’t have cause diarrhea. Viral, parasitic, bacterial, and fungal infections can also be problematic.

Internal problems like kidney or liver disease can also cause diarrhea. If your cat has a gastrointestinal upset, you may also notice signs like vomiting, not wanting to eat, and potentially even abdominal pain or lethargy in more severe cases.

Diarrhea can cause dehydration, which is a real concern. If you think your cat has a gastrointestinal issue, we recommend contacting a veterinarian.

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3. Constipation

Not being able to poop when needed can cause cats to strain. All the straining can lead to their anus becoming inflamed, but please note if your cat is straining in the litter box, it is very important to rule out a urinary obstruction since it is an emergency.

If your kitty is straining to poop or hasn’t managed to pass feces for a couple of days, they need help. Underlying illnesses, diet, or lifestyle factors can cause constipation. Once the stool has been sitting in the colon for a while, it becomes very dry and difficult to pass. Your cat will need to see a veterinarian to resolve their problem.

4. Anal Gland Issues

The anal glands are two secretory glands that sit around the anus at roughly the 4 and 8 O’clock positions. The anal glands can become impacted, infected, rupture, or even turn cancerous.

Anal gland problems can lead to severe swelling and irritation around the anus. Thankfully, anal gland issues aren’t as common in cats as they are in dogs. However, if your cat has an irritated rear end with no obvious cause, it’s worth having a veterinarian check the anal glands.

5. Dermatitis

If the problem with your cat’s backside looks more like a skin issue, they may have dermatitis. You could see inflammation, hair loss, scabs, or discharge if there is dermatitis around the bottom.

Dermatitis is a non-specific sign but may be caused by allergies, insect bites, external parasites, or infections. For mild dermatitis, there are some home remedies like oatmeal shampoos that can help. However, if the problem is ongoing, your veterinarian will need to make a treatment plan to help your cat.

6. Growths

Growths like benign polyps or tumors like lymphosarcoma can arise from the rectal wall. These growths can cause irritation and difficulty passing feces, which can lead to inflammation around the anus.

These growths need to be felt by a veterinarian doing a rectal exam, but occasionally the growths can be seen if they protrude through the anus. In addition, skin cancers can arise around the rear end that can be red, ulcerated, or inflamed in appearance. In most cases, your veterinarian will surgically remove these growths or biopsy.

7. Intestinal Foreign Body

Intestinal foreign bodies are indigestible materials that your cat has eaten, which have passed into the intestines. Kittens and younger cats are notorious for eating string, bone shards, or sharp objects.

If the foreign body causes an obstruction, it can lead to straining, abdominal pain, vomiting, and lack of appetite. Some foreign bodies can damage the intestinal wall. If the wall is perforated, severe complications like peritonitis and sepsis can occur. You should seek urgent veterinary care if you think your cat is unwell due to an intestinal foreign body.

8. Rectal Prolapse

Rectal prolapse is when part of the rectum comes out of the anus, and it looks like a red bubble or tube. This usually happens after a cat has severe diarrhea or straining, which means the cat usually has a rectal prolapse or another illness.

A rectal prolapse should be treated urgently. Treatment involves an anesthetic procedure to replace the prolapse and potentially surgery, as well as treating the underlying disease.

Conclusion

If you’re not sure why your cat’s butt is red, the best thing to do is have them examined by a veterinarian. They can take a history and examine your cat to determine the best course of action. They might perform a rectal exam to check for anal gland issues or growths in the rectum. We hope you’re able to resolve the issue for your cat soon!

Featured Image Credit: olivier.laurent.photos, Shutterstock

The post Why Is My Cat’s Butt Red? Our Vet Explains 8 Common Reasons by Dr. Ashley Darby BVSc (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

While popular in traditional and alternative medicine, there is little research or scientific evidence about the catnip plant’s (Nepeta cataria) benefits for nausea in people, let alone cats. This makes it hard to say whether catnip could help a cat with nausea, but anecdotally, some people say it works for them.

Since too much catnip can cause signs like vomiting and diarrhea in cats, we recommend keeping this herb away from your nauseous kitty.

Benefits of Catnip

For cats, the main benefit of catnip is behavioral since about 60% of cats just seem to love it! For sensitive cats, smelling catnips provides a high for 10–30 minutes, with cats showing signs like relaxation, rolling, rubbing, and purring. Many cats don’t react to catnip until they are over 6 months to a year old.

The herb contains nepetalactones, the main compounds in the essential oils from catnip, which are thought to be responsible for the behavioral effects on cats. These nepetalactones may have other effects like repelling and killing insects.

Other plant compounds like flavonoids, polyphenols, and steroids may provide anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial benefits. Catnip is thought to have an antispasmodic (relaxant) action on smooth muscles in the body.

Smooth muscle is in the airways, gastrointestinal tract, and uterus of people and cats, which could explain the use of catnip for menstrual cramps and indigestion in people. However, this effect is only apparent when used as an essential oil and tested on guinea pig tissue.

Since essential oils are not recommended for cats, and evidence is lacking in this area, we can’t say that catnip will work on your cat’s gastrointestinal system.

Risks of Catnip

Fresh or dried catnip plants or catnip-based products designed for cats are very safe to use in moderation. Too much catnip can cause vomiting, diarrhea, trouble walking, and disorientation.

We recommend starting with a tiny amount when introducing your cat to catnip, and if your cat is showing any signs of illness, it may be wise to forgo the catnip lest you make things worse. As mentioned earlier, catnip essential oils are not recommended for cats.

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How Can I Help My Nauseous Cat?

If your kitty is not eating, drooling, or vomiting, you have probably concluded that they are nauseous, and you’re probably right! Cats can be nauseous for a variety of reasons, from minor cases of upset stomachs to life-threatening conditions like a gastrointestinal foreign body, kidney failure, and toxin ingestion.

If your cat appears nauseous, the first thing you should do is check the environment for access to anything that could be harmful to them if eaten. Household toxic plants are a good place to start if your cat is a plant muncher!

You should check if your cat is eating, drinking, urinating, and defecating normally and monitor them for additional signs of illness such as lethargy, wobbly gait, vomiting, pain, and tremors. Please note that drinking and urinating more than usual is a common sign of illness in cats.

Once you have assessed the situation, you should call your veterinarian. Depending on the urgency of your situation, they may recommend that your cat be seen immediately, within the next day or so, or recommend home remedies like a bland diet. If you take your cat to the vet, they can provide anti-nausea medication and perform further testing or treatment as necessary.

Final Thoughts

If you have an upset stomach, you may have taken catnip tea and felt better. However, cats often mask their signs of illness and can’t tell you how they feel. Although their nausea could be a sign of a mild problem, it could also be related to a more severe condition. In any case, you should assess the situation and get professional advice. If you want to try catnip for their nausea, despite the lack of evidence, you should ask your vet first.

Also see: 

• Does Catnip Help Cats With Pain? Our Vet Answers & Explains
• Health Benefits of Catnip for Cats

Featured Image Credit: Doug McLean, Shutterstock

The post Does Catnip Help Cats With Nausea? Everything You Need to Know! by Dr. Ashley Darby BVSc (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Does your kitty need help, “moving things along”? Have you noticed they haven’t passed feces for a few days or have small dry poops? If so you may be wondering what are the best foods for constipation in cats. As with many things in pet care, it is best to take the recommendation from your veterinary surgeon if your cat is suffering from constipation. This is because there is more than one cause of constipation, resulting in different approaches being appropriate and things can change over time needing a re-think of the treatment plan.

Recommendations range from adding a teaspoon or two of psyllium husk to their current food, to specialized veterinary prescription diets. Here we look at commonly used and readily available cat food for constipated cats. They are divided into high fiber and low residue options.

A Quick Comparison of Our Favorites in 2024

	Image	Product	Details
Best Overall		Blue Buffalo True Solutions Blissful Belly Digestive Care Formula Wet	Wet diet for hydration Prebiotic fiber for gut health and stool quality Good for cats with wheat intolerance	CHECK PRICE
Best Value		Purina Pro Plan Indoor Hairball Management Shredded Blend Turkey	High fiber and probiotics Real meat as the first ingredient Salmon and rice formula also available	CHECK PRICE
Premium Choice		Hill's Prescription Diet Gastrointestinal Biome with Chicken Dry Cat	Wet and dry formulas available Powerful prebiotics Psyllium seed husk is listed in the ingredients	CHECK PRICE
		Royal Canin Veterinary Diet Adult Gastrointestinal Fiber Response Dry	Psyllium seed husk is among the top ingredients Wet and dry formulas Supports urinary health	CHECK PRICE
		Hill's Science Diet Adult Hairball Control Chicken Recipe Dry Cat Food	Wet and dry formulas available Above average fiber Low calorie	CHECK PRICE

The 10 Best Cat Foods for Constipation

High Fiber Options

1. Blue Buffalo True Solutions Blissful Belly Digestive Care Formula Wet Cat Food- Best Overall

The 3% crude fiber that Blue Buffalo True Solutions Blissful Belly Digestive Care Formula Wet Cat Food is quite high for canned food. Being in a wet formula means your kitty will benefit from the moisture. We think this diet is quality because of the natural ingredients and real meat being the first ingredient. The fiber comes from fruits and veggies and acts as a prebiotic to support gut health. If your cat is sensitive to wheat in the diet, this food is completely wheat-free. Some reviewers did note a liquid-like consistency to this food which may not appeal to some. While it’s not perfect, it is reasonably priced for all the benefits it provides.

2. Purina Pro Plan Indoor Hairball Management Shredded Blend Turkey & Rice Formula Dry Cat Food- Best Value

Purina Pro Plan Indoor Hairball Management Shredded Blend Turkey & Rice Formula Dry Cat Food provides a quality product at a decent price, but part of the price benefit is due to this being a dry food. While canned products are more pricey, they also provide much-needed moisture in the diet of your constipated kitty, so if you choose this food please encourage your cat to drink more.

That being said, with 7% fiber, high protein, and probiotics to support gut health, this is a healthy diet for adult cats living indoors that are maybe constipated due to hairballs. It contains supplements for a shiny, nourished coat. Most cats love the shredded pieces of meat in this diet.

3. Hill’s Prescription Diet Gastrointestinal Biome with Chicken Dry Cat Food- Premium Choice

Hill’s Prescription Diet Gastrointestinal Biome with Chicken Dry Cat Food incorporates Hill’s patented prebiotic ingredient, known as ActivBiome+,¹ which activates healthy gut bacteria for improved gut health. Psyllium husk is listed in the ingredients of this food. You can purchase this diet in wet and dry forms, which means your feline can enjoy the best of both worlds. The added omega-3 fatty acids and natural preservatives enhance the appeal of this food. The crude fiber in the diet is technically low, but it has been proven to help with constipation in as little as 24 hours.

4. Royal Canin Veterinary Diet Adult Gastrointestinal Fiber Response Dry Cat Food

Royal Canin provides a high concentration of psyllium husk and prebiotics in this diet designed to improve overall digestive health. It also contains insoluble fiber to bulk up the feces. Royal Canin Veterinary Diet Adult Gastrointestinal Fiber Response Dry Cat Food has highly digestible proteins with omega-3 fatty acids. It also provides a level of protection against urinary crystals. On the downside, like other prescription diets, it is pricey and needs a vet’s approval before you can purchase it.

5. Hill’s Science Diet Adult Hairball Control Chicken Recipe Dry Cat Food

Hill’s Science Diet Adult Hairball Control Chicken Recipe Dry Cat Food provides additional ingredients for a healthy coat and immune system. With no artificial ingredients, this is a premium-quality diet that doesn’t need vet authorization. The price is not exorbitant either. Being on the low-calorie end of diets on this list it’s not a bad option for felines that struggle with their weight. The 6.6% fiber in this diet is above average but could be higher. We think this is a decent choice if hairballs are the cause of your cat’s constipation.

6. Royal Canin Feline Care Nutrition Digestive Care Dry Cat Food

Royal Canin Feline Care Nutrition Digestive Care Dry Cat Food contains fiber to support healthy gut bacteria and provide roughage for fecal bulk. It contains 3.7% crude fiber, which is not a deal breaker but is on the lower end of this list. It’s specifically designed for cats that eat too fast and regurgitate, so if this sounds familiar, this could be the diet for you.

7. Wellness CORE+ Hairball Chicken Pate Natural Wet Cat Food, 2.8-oz can, case of 12

A canned food with 2.5% fiber, Wellness CORE+ Hairball Chicken Pate Natural Wet Cat Food could help with your cat’s constipation, especially if it’s related to hairballs. It’s a wet food so boosts your cat’s hydration. Biotin and Omega-3 fatty acids work to keep your cat’s immune system and skin healthy.

Miscanthus grass is included in the ingredients list as a fiber source. This diet is grain-free which may be necessary for pets with grain intolerances. However, there is a known link between grain-free diets and heart disease, the exact cause of which is unknown. So we urge owners to use these diets cautiously and not at all for pets with heart problems or who are prone to heart problems.

8. Purina ONE Indoor Advantage 7+ Chicken & Ocean Fish Recipe Pate Wet Cat Food, 3-oz can

A senior diet, wet food, with 3% fiber could be appropriate for older cats that struggle with dehydration and constipation. Made with high protein and no fillers, Purina ONE Indoor Advantage 7+ Chicken & Ocean Fish Recipe Pate Wet Cat Food also comes in a dry formula. This is another grain-free formula, so owners must exercise caution if this is the only food their kitty eats.

Low Residue Options

9. Hill’s Prescription Diet i/d Digestive Care Chicken & Vegetable Stew Wet Cat Food

Hill’s provides a good low-residue option for cats unable to cope with bulky feces. Nutritious and gentle ingredients make this diet gentle on the digestive system. Added antioxidants will also help keep your cat healthy. This prescription diet will need your vet’s approval and is on the more expensive side.

10. Royal Canin Veterinary Diet Adult Gastrointestinal Loaf in Sauce Canned Cat Food

Highly digestible ingredients and probiotics help keep a cat’s digestive system healthy. Royal Canin Veterinary Diet Adult Gastrointestinal Loaf in Sauce Canned Cat Food also contains omega-3 fatty acids which provide health benefits for the gut and other systems. It provides a level of protection against urinary stones. It’s high in calories which could be a good or bad thing depending on your cat’s weight. Like other veterinary diets, this needs vet approval before you buy it. It’s also expensive.

Buyer’s Guide: Choosing the Best Cat Food for Constipation

Wet vs Dry Food

When comparing wet foods to dry foods there are some important factors to consider. Most of the time wet food will be more expensive than dry food, regardless of the brand. It’s also unfair to compare nutrient profiles based on the percentages alone. You will need to convert the wet food percentage into a percentage on a dry matter basis (DM). This is complicated but you can use this calculator to do this if you’re interested in comparing protein, fat, or other nutrients.

Whether you choose a wet or dry food will depend on a few factors:

If you’re unsure, talk to your vet. You don’t have to choose one or the other either, you can do both! Just remember to change diets gradually to avoid an upset stomach.

Crude Fiber

While crude fiber gives you some indication of the fiber in the diet, it is not the be-all and end-all. It doesn’t tell you the type or quality of the fiber which is why some higher fiber diets are less effective than lower fiber diets for constipated cats. It doesn’t take into account soluble and insoluble fiber either.

Individual Factors

Your cat may have individual dietary needs like wheat intolerance, or needing a diet that prevents urinary crystals. Their weight and calorie requirements will also influence your choice of food. If your cat sits on the heavier side, weight control is an important part of their treatment plan, and you should opt for low-calorie options.

A diet is never based on one factor alone, so you need to take into account your cat as a whole. This is why a vet is a great resource for nutritional advice tailored to your cat.

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Conclusion

There are two main strategies for feeding constipated cats, high fiber or low residue diets depending on the cause of the constipation. Giving too much dietary fiber to a cat that is unable to cope with bulky feces will lead to worse constipation. That is one of the reasons why you should run any of these diets past your vet before using them. Having said that, if a high-fiber diet is the goal Blue Buffalo True Solutions Blissful Belly Digestive Care Formula Wet Cat Food offers great ingredients at a lower price. Purina Pro Plan Indoor Hairball Management Shredded Blend Turkey & Rice Formula Dry Cat Food provides great value for money, being the least expensive product on the list on a per-pound of food basis. Hill’s Prescription Diet Gastrointestinal Biome with Chicken Dry Cat Food has proven benefits with an exciting new prebiotic technology for gut health.

At the end of the day, you need to choose a product that is right for you and your cat. We encourage you to decide which features are important for you and look carefully at all the options.

Featured Image Credit: Nils Jacobi, Shutterstock

The post 10 Best Cat Foods for Constipation In 2024 – Reviews & Top Picks by Dr. Ashley Darby BVSc (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

Finding out that your cat has been urinating inappropriately in your house can be incredibly upsetting. It is even more upsetting when you discover that your cat is peeing on your clothes. Does your cat have a personal vendetta with you that they are trying to settle? There are several reasons for a cat to be peeing on clothes, ranging from behavioral to medical problems, none of which is vindication on your cat’s part. Continue reading to learn more.

The 5 Reasons Inappropriate Elimination Occurs

1. Poor Litter Box Conditions

Cats prefer having a clean location to eliminate, and when their litter box doesn’t meet their standards, they might find somewhere else to relieve themselves. It’s good practice to clean the litter box at least one to two times daily to ensure appropriate conditions. Multi-cat households should be able to supply multiple boxes to meet their cat’s needs. A general rule of thumb is that there should be one more litter box than there are cats in the household. Other aversions to the litter box could be caused by noise in the area or difficulties entering the litter box, e.g., the box is too high for them to easily access. Some cats also have a preference for litter type or covered/uncovered litter boxes.

2. Stress or Anxiety

Cats are wary by nature. Often cats can have stress or anxiety, and the underlying cause may go unrecognized by their pet parent. When cats experience anxiety for any reason, they may urine-mark as a way of claiming their territory. Cats may be experiencing inter-cat turmoil, missing an owner who has gone away, or be anxious about house guests. Alternatively, maybe their home life has changed and they are anxious. Even something as small as rearranging the furniture can cause cats to urine-mark. Stress can also sometimes lead to inflammation of the bladder in cats, which needs veterinary treatment.

3. Urinary Tract Concerns

Unfortunately, cats urinate inappropriately when they are battling certain health conditions.

Cystitis, or inflammation of the bladder, causes cats to urgently need to urinate and they may do so outside of the litter box. These cats will generally urinate in small volumes and may have blood in the urine. Urinary tract infections, cancers of the bladder, and bladder stones are all causes of cystitis. However, it can also occur due to stress. When no underlying cause of cystitis can be identified, it is referred to as feline idiopathic cystitis, and stress is the likely culprit. If at any point your cat becomes unable to urinate, this suggests a urinary blockage. Please seek immediate care for your cat, as this condition is life-threatening if not addressed quickly.

Certain disorders will cause cats to drink and urinate more than usual; diabetes, kidney disease and an overactive thyroid gland are common causes. These cats may urinate in large volumes around the house because their bladder is so full.

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4. Arthritis

As cats age, they become more prone to arthritis. Arthritis may make posturing to urinate and getting in and out of the litter box more painful to accomplish. In cases where this is occurring, the cat may find an area that is more easily accessible to empty their bladder.

5. Hormonal Behavior

In intact males and females urine marking may signal availability for mating. This behavior is very similar to territorial marking but only occurs in unaltered cats. It may occur on upright surfaces and in cats that have no problem using the litter box at other times.

Veterinary Intervention

If your cat is inappropriately urinating, reach out to your veterinarian. Your veterinarian will ask you several questions to better understand your household and patient needs, and examine your pet. The veterinarian may recommend a urinalysis, bloodwork, and potentially an ultrasound or radiograph to screen for medical problems. If everything appears normal, your veterinarian will likely shift their concerns to trying to lower stress and anxiety within the household. There are several ways this can be done, including environmental changes, pheromones, medications, probiotics, and enrichment.

Your veterinarian may recommend adjusting the litter box to make it more desirable. This may include trying a new substrate in the box, replacing the box entirely, or moving the box to a new location. Because cats are finicky creatures, it is important to not make too many changes at once, as this could further their stress and litter box aversion.

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In Summary

It is important to recognize that your cat isn’t urinating outside of their box to upset you. Cats who are peeing on your clothes may be under stress or be battling a medical condition. It is important to closely monitor your cat and seek professional help as soon as possible. Quick intervention will be beneficial to you and your cat. If at any point your cat is unable to urinate, this is considered a medical emergency and your cat must be seen by a veterinarian as soon as possible.

Related Reads:

• Cats Peeing in the Sink or Bath Tub? Ways to Stop It
• Reasons Your Cat is Peeing on the Couch & How to Stop It

Featured Image Credit: AJSTUDIO PHOTOGRAPHY, Shutterstock

The post Why Is My Cat Peeing on My Clothes? Tips to Stop It (Vet Answer)  by Dr. Ashley Darby BVSc (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.

If you’re considering adopting a cat but are concerned about your budget, you sound like a very responsible prospective pet owner. Welcoming a cat into your family will bring companionship and fun into your life, but several responsibilities come with pet ownership.

Cats will cost around six hundred dollars a year at a minimum, but every owner should factor in emergencies and illnesses, which can happen unexpectedly, into their budget. A severe illness or surgery can cost a few thousand dollars in veterinary fees. There are ways to cut costs, and your cat doesn’t NEED the best of everything, but you don’t want to neglect their healthcare.

Read through the article to decide if cat ownership is something you can financially commit to. If so, you are ready to be a fantastic cat parent; if not, that’s okay. Now may not be the best time to purchase a cat. The good news is that there are plenty of alternatives to adopting a cat. You could visit a cat cafe every week and get to know the felines, or volunteer at an animal shelter and give the cats some much-needed love and attention.

The 10 Tips for Owning a Cat on a Budget

1. Adopt Your Cat

If you’re getting a cat for the first time, adoptions are much more cost-efficient than purchasing a purebred cat. Adoption fees are usually between a few hundred dollars and over $1,000, while purebred cats can cost several thousand dollars. Adoptable cats are also usually spayed or neutered, microchipped, and up-to-date on their vaccines.

It’s unfortunate that animal shelters and rescues are often at full capacity with the number of cats they have. So, if you don’t have any specific preferences on the type of cat you want, adoption is an excellent way to bring a cat home.

2. Research Budget-Friendly Cat Food

While premium cat food has some benefits, lower-cost pet foods are adequate for most cats. The food you select must be approved by the American Association of Feed Control Officials (AAFCO) to ensure that it has all the nutrients your cat needs and nothing harmful.

Dry food is usually the most cost-effective type of food. You can also find some middle-of-the-range cat foods with quality ingredients. Do a bit of research and find something that suits you before bringing the cat home.

Having said all this, some cats will have or develop health conditions that necessitate a specialized diet. Prescription diets are expensive but essential in managing medical conditions like kidney disease, bladder stones, and food allergies. You can ask about medical conditions before adopting the cat, but it’s not guaranteed that nothing will develop in the future. The best way to look at prescription diets is to consider them a veterinary expense.

3. Exercise Your Cats

A healthy exercise routine can help keep your cat healthy and reduce veterinary expenses. Incorporating exercise into your cat’s daily routine will help them strengthen their muscles and maintain a healthy body weight.

Preventing excessive weight gain and obesity will lower the risk of your cat experiencing other health issues, such as diabetes, joint disease, and lower urinary tract disease. Remember that exercise is only part of maintaining a healthy body weight, and portion control is extremely important.

Exercise and games that replicate a cat’s natural hunting instincts also benefit a cat’s mental health. They provide mental stimulation and prevent boredom, which can significantly lower the risk of anxiety and other behavioral disorders. Exercise is not much of a financial investment but a time investment, which is worth it at the end of the day.

4. Pay Attention to Preventative Care

While preventative care won’t guarantee a long lifespan, it plays a significant role in keeping cats healthy. Investing in preventative care throughout your cat’s life can prevent potentially life-threatening and expensive conditions.

Preventative care encompasses measures taken to prevent illnesses. Vaccinations and parasite prevention will be discussed at your routine veterinary appointments, as well as weight control and diet. Dental care is an excellent example of preventative care that can be done at home.

Teeth brushing, dental treats, and other products aimed at preventing tartar accumulation will help keep their teeth healthy, potentially reducing the need for professional dental cleaning and extractions due to periodontal disease.

Make sure to find a veterinarian with whom you can communicate easily, and try not to skip your cat’s routine veterinary appointments. Stick to your cat’s vaccine schedules and ensure that your cat is taking all their routine medication, like flea and tick medicine, on time.

5. Set Up a Cat-Friendly Environment

A cat-friendly home will keep your pet safe and out of harm’s way. Outdoor cats are at more risk for infectious diseases, toxin ingestion, and road traffic accidents, so consider keeping your cat inside. A catio is a great way for cats to enjoy the outdoors with minimal risk.

Comfy beds, hiding places, and elevated areas will also help your cat feel safe and secure.

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• HAPPY COZY CATS - Your kitty will bask in luxurious sherpa-lined comfort while feeling warm, safe,...
• MODERN DESIGN - Contemporary styling with upholstered fabric construction; just like your human...
• WARM FLEECE LINER - Self warming, thick sherpa fleece with microfiber trim.

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This product was designed with both your and your kitty's happiness in mind. While the comfortable bowl shape and wide lip to rest their heads on are ideal for sleepy kitties, you’ll appreciate the removable and machine-washable fleece liner for easy cleaning. It doesn’t get any better than this! Click here to try it out.

At Catster, we’ve admired Hepper for many years and decided to take a controlling ownership interest so that we could benefit from the outstanding designs of this cool cat company!

Provide some scratching areas, toys, or even feline TV/music for enrichment.

Keeping your cat happy improves their welfare and reduces potentially expensive stress-related conditions like feline idiopathic cystitis, an inflammatory bladder condition that can lead to a urinary obstruction.

It can also prevent destructive behaviors like inappropriate scratching and urination, which can lead to expenses involving cleaning and replacing furniture.

Keeping the litter box hygienic and clean will keep them comfortable using the bathroom.

There are lots of benefits to having a cat, but dealing with bad smells isn't one of them.

Hepper Advanced Bio-Enzyme Cat Litter Deodorizer Powder

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Effective litter additives like Hepper's Advanced Bio-Enzyme Cat Litter Deodorizer can help you keep your home odor-free without having to do a lot of cleaning. This deodorizer is biodegradable, fragrance-free, and effective on everything from litter boxes to cat carriers.

At Catster, we’ve admired Hepper for many years and decided to take a controlling ownership interest so that we could benefit from the outstanding designs of this cool cat company!

6. Get Pet Insurance

Does the day-to-day expense of cat care sound manageable, but you’re concerned about emergency veterinary fees? Pet insurance can be a great tool to factor into your budget. Pet insurance covers different services depending on your level of coverage.

Basic packages reimburse you for a percentage of the cost of accidents or common illnesses. Other packages can cover serious long-term ailments and routine health care.

Before you bring your cat home, look into pet insurance packages and ensure you understand what you are covered for, how the reimbursement works, and the yearly cost involved.

7. Enroll in Subscription Services

Once you find cat products you like and use continuously, you may want to start looking into subscription options. Online pet supply retailers often offer savings opportunities through auto-shipment programs. These programs will set up recurring shipments to your address and apply a discount on all the items included in the shipment.

You can also find subscription services for cat food, litter, and toys. Many of these services offer good deals, and if you remain a long-time subscriber, you’ll start to see savings.

8. Subscribe to Your Favorite Cat Products

Many cat supply brands have email subscriptions and free member rewards programs. Subscribing to your favorite brands’ email lists doesn’t hurt because they’ll often email you discounts and special sales dates.

Some brands have rewards programs that apply points to every purchase. Once you accumulate a certain amount, these points can give you store credit or other bonuses.

9. Groom at Home

Professional grooming for cats can include just a nail clip or a trip to the vet for sedation and clipping the fur for matted long-haired cats. Grooming at home can save money and keep your pet comfortable and clean.

As soon as your cat has settled in at home, begin desensitizing them to handling, brushing, and nail trimming. A nail trim every few weeks and weekly brushing will keep short-haired cats comfortable.

Long-haired cats need daily brushing to keep them free of mats and furballs.

If you are looking for recommendations on the best cat brush and nail clippers for at-home grooming, check out Hepper's Cat Brush and Cat Nail Clipper Set. With the help of these great tools, grooming sessions will be easier and more enjoyable for both you and your cat.

Hepper Deshedding Brush for Cats - Removes Excess...

Hepper Cat Nail Clipper Kit - Small and Large...

Professional or home use

For cats of all ages

Easy cleaning

Comfortable grip

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Check Price

Hepper Deshedding Brush for Cats - Removes Excess...

Professional or home use

For cats of all ages

Easy cleaning

Comfortable grip

Check Price

Hepper Cat Nail Clipper Kit - Small and Large...

Professional or home use

For cats of all ages

Easy cleaning

Comfortable grip

Check Price

At Catster, we’ve admired Hepper for many years and decided to take a controlling ownership interest so that we could benefit from the outstanding designs of this cool cat company!

Most cats are great at grooming themselves and rarely need a bath; however, cat wipes can keep them smelling fresh and clean.

10. Make Your Own Cat Toys and Furniture

The cost of cat toys and furniture can add up quickly. However, you don’t need to spend that much money on creating a fun and enriching home environment for your cat. There are plenty of low-cost DIY cat furniture, catios, and toy projects that you can make to reduce costs.

They also come in varying experience levels, and you can find many beginner-friendly cat furniture projects. So, with a little time and effort, you can create a cool living space for your cat that’ll keep them happy and healthy.

Conclusion

Not everyone can afford a cat, but that doesn’t mean you can’t enjoy the company of felines at a rescue organization or cat cafe. It is possible to own a cat on a budget if you can afford the basics. Don’t blow your budget on the purchase of a purebred kitten. Look for ways to save on food and pet insurance.

You can also save money by subscribing to your favorite cat brands or enrolling in product auto-ship schedules. Don’t forget about the long game and invest in your cat’s preventative care and general health.

A happy and healthy cat is less likely to develop severe health issues that can lead to expensive medical bills. So, make sure to stay on top of your cat’s health and don’t skip their veterinarian appointments.

Featured Image Credit: Karpova, Shutterstock

The post Owning a Cat on a Budget: 10 Vet-Recommended Savings Tips by Dr. Ashley Darby BVSc (Veterinarian) appeared first on Catster. Copying over entire articles infringes on copyright laws. You may not be aware of it, but all of these articles were assigned, contracted and paid for, so they aren't considered public domain. However, we appreciate that you like the article and would love it if you continued sharing just the first paragraph of an article, then linking out to the rest of the piece on Catster.com.